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Credibility about messages is high, because they are reported in independent mediA.A newspaper review of a movie has more believability than an ad in the same paper, because the reader associates independence with objectivity. Similarly, people are more likely to pay attention to news reports than ads. Readers spend time reading the stories, but they flip through the ads. Furthermore, there may be 10 commercials during a half-hour television program or hundreds of ads in a magazinE.
Feature stories are much fewer in number and stand out clearly. Publicity also has some significant limitations. A firm has little control over messages, their timing, their placement, or their coverage by a given medium. It may issue detailed news releases and find only portions cited by the media; and media have the ability to be much more critical than a company would likE.For example, in 1982, Proctrer & Gamble faced a substantial publicity problem over the meaning of its 123-year-old company logo. A few ministers and other private citizens believed that the symbol was sacrilegious. These beliefs were covered extensively by the media and resulted in the firm receiving 15,000 phone calls about the rumor in June alonE.To combat this negative publicity, the firm issued news releases featuring prominent clergy that refuted the rumors, threatened to sue those people spreading the stories, and had a spokesperson appear on Good Morning AmericA.The media cooperated with the company and the false rumor were temporarily put to rest. However, in 1985, negative publicity became so disruptive that Procter & Gamble decided to remove the logo from its products.
A firm may want publicity during certain periods, such as when a new product is introduced or new store opened, but the media may not cover the introduction or opening until after the time it would aid the firm. Similarly, media determine the placement of a story; it may follow a report on crime or sports. Finally, the media ascertain whether to cover a story at all and the amount of coverage to be devoted to it. A company-sponsored jobs program might go unreported or receive three-sentence coverage in a local newspaper.
The author mentions all of the following advantages of publicity EXCEPT______.
A.having attentiveness
B.having no time costs
C.having high credibility
D.having high profitability

A.The
B.
A.having
C.having
D.having
E.having

【参考答案】

D
解析:D选项说公众宣传的好处有高回报率,但是全文自始至终没有提及这方面的内容,故符合题意。
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Hippies were members of a youth movement of the 1960's and 1970's that started in the United States and spread to Canada, Great Britain, and many other countries. The hippies rejected the customs, traditions, and life styles of society and tried to develop those of their own. Most hippies came from white middle-class families and ranged in age from 15 to 25 years olD.They thought too many adults cared about making money and little elsE.The term hippie may come from the word hip, which means 'turned-in' or awarE.Hippies wanted a world based on love of humanity and peacE.Many believed that wonderful, magical changes were about to take placE.They thought these changes would happen as soon as people learned to express their feelings honestly and to behave naturally at all times. Hippies strongly opposed U.S. involvement in the Vietnam War.Many hippies lived together in small groups, working with one another and sharing possessions. Others refused to be tied down to a fixed job or homE.They wandered from place to place seeking part-time work and temporary shelter. Some begged for spare change and lived in the streets or camped in parks or other public lands.Hippies were sometimes called 'flower children' because they gave people flowers to communicate gentleness and lovE.They let their hair grow long and walked barefoot or in sandals. Hippies attracted public attention by wearing clothing that featured unusual combinations of colors and textures. A large number of hippies used marijuana, LSD, and other drugs. Drug experiences shaped many of their symbols and ideas.The Beatles, a popular English rock group, helped spread the hippie movement with their song. Hippie favorites included such other rock groups as the Grateful Dead and the Jefferson Airplane, singers Joan Baez and Bob Dylan, poet Allen Ginsberg, and novelist Ken Kesey. Many hippies admired Timothy Leary, a psychologist who preached salvation through the use of drugs.In time, most hippies realized it was not easy to reform. society by 'dropping'out' of it. Some joined more organized political movements to work for specific social causes. Others turned to spirituality or religion. The majority simply left the hippie stage of their lives behind while trying to hold on to at least a few of the ideals that once inspired them.It can be inferred from the passage that hippies called themselves 'hippies' because______.A.they wanted to be different and independentB.they wanted people to be aware of the necessity for radical changesC.they considered traditional values worthlessD.they begged people to notice the changes around themselves
A.S.
B.
It
C.
A.they
D.they
E.they
F.they