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[精解]在这种转变中，历史学家研究历史时，那些解释新史料的新方法充实了传统的历史研究方法。During this tra......

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人们之所以关注历史研究的方法论，主要是因为史学界内部意见不一，其次是因为外界并不认为历史是一门学问。[精解] Interest in historical methods has arisen less through external challenge to the validity of history as an intellectual discipline and more from internal quarrels among historians them- selves．句子分析：一、句子可以拆分为三段：Interest in historical methods has arisen less through external challenge to the validity of history as an intellectual discipline and more from internal quarrels among historians themselves．二、句子的结构：1)主干结构是一个简单句：Interest．．．has arisen less through．．．and more from．．．2)并列状语less through．．．and more from 的翻译是关键，through 和from 意思完全相同，表示原因，直译为比较少的是因为……，更多的原因是……3)challenge 后面的不定式短语to the validity of history as an intellectual discipline 是它的定语，直译为对历史作为一门学科的正确性提出异议，internal quarrels 后面的介 词短语among historians themselves 作quarrels 的定语。三、词的处理：Interest in historical methods 对历史方法的关注(兴趣)；arisen 来自于，产生于；challenge 质疑，挑战；validity 真实性，正确性；as an intellectual discipline 作为一门学问(一个学科领域)；internal quarrels 内部意见不统一，内部分歧。
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几乎每个历史学家对史学都有自己的界定，但现代史学家的实践最趋向于认为，历史学是试图重现过去的重大史实并对其作出解释。[精解] While there are almost as many definitions of history as there are historians，modem practice most closely conforms to one that sees history as the attempt to recreate and explain the significant events of the past．句子分析：一、句子可以拆分为三段：While there are almost as many definitions of history as there are historians， modern practice most closely conforms to one that sees history as the attempt to recreate and explain the significant events of the past．二、句子的结构：1)主干结构是While there are almost as．．．as there are．．．+主句，While 引导让步状语从句，从句中as．．．as，结构是比较级，这句话直译为有多少历史学家，就有多少关于历史的定义。2)主句中one 是宾语，后面的that 从句是它的定语从句。3)sees history as 把历史看作是，不定式短语to recreate and explain．．．作名词the attempt 的定语。三、词的处理：While 虽然，尽管；definitions 定义，界定；modern practice 现代(补词：史学家的)实践；conforms to 符合于，趋向于认为；attempt 试图，尝试；to recreate 再现，重现(不能说重新创造历史)；events 事件，结合上下文引申为史实；
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