单项选择题

A．Since
B．Although
C．However
D．Before
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[精解]在这种转变中，历史学家研究历史时，那些解释新史料的新方法充实了传统的历史研究方法。During this transfer，traditional historical methods were augmented by additional methodologies designed to interpret the new forms of evidence in the historical study.句子分析：一、句子可以拆分为三段：During this transfer， traditional historical methods were augmented by additional methodologies designed to interpret the new forms of evidence in the historical study.二、句子的结构：1)主干结构是一个被动语态的简单句：．．．methods were augmented by．．．2)过去分词短语designed to．．．作宾语methodologies 的定语。三、词的处理：transfer 转变；augmented 充实，补充；additional methodologies 新方法designed to 用来；interpret 阐释，解释，说明；the new forms of evidence 新的证据形式，根据上下文意思引申为在历史学研究中的新史料；in the historical study 在(补译：历史学家)研究历史时。
问答题
人们之所以关注历史研究的方法论，主要是因为史学界内部意见不一，其次是因为外界并不认为历史是一门学问。[精解] Interest in historical methods has arisen less through external challenge to the validity of history as an intellectual discipline and more from internal quarrels among historians them- selves．句子分析：一、句子可以拆分为三段：Interest in historical methods has arisen less through external challenge to the validity of history as an intellectual discipline and more from internal quarrels among historians themselves．二、句子的结构：1)主干结构是一个简单句：Interest．．．has arisen less through．．．and more from．．．2)并列状语less through．．．and more from 的翻译是关键，through 和from 意思完全相同，表示原因，直译为比较少的是因为……，更多的原因是……3)challenge 后面的不定式短语to the validity of history as an intellectual discipline 是它的定语，直译为对历史作为一门学科的正确性提出异议，internal quarrels 后面的介 词短语among historians themselves 作quarrels 的定语。三、词的处理：Interest in historical methods 对历史方法的关注(兴趣)；arisen 来自于，产生于；challenge 质疑，挑战；validity 真实性，正确性；as an intellectual discipline 作为一门学问(一个学科领域)；internal quarrels 内部意见不统一，内部分歧。
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