单项选择题

SECTION B INTERVIEW
Directions: In this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow. Questions 1 to 5 are based on an interview. At the end of the interview you will be given 10 seconds to answer each of the following five questions.
Now listen to the interview.
听力原文:O: Mrs. Harrison (H), thanks very much for coming down here to the station. I--I know you've been through a terrible situation here today. Urn... I'd just like to go over some of the things that you told Sergeant Clark at the bank.
H: All right.
O: Uh, would you like a cup of tea?
H: No. No, I'm finE.
O: All right.
H: Thanks.
O: Well, urn.., could you describe the two people who robbed the bank for this report we're filling out here? Now, anything at all that you can remember would be extremely helpful to us.
H: Well, uh... just... I can only remember basically what I said beforE.
O: That's all right.
H: The man was tall ... uh ... about six feet, and he had dark hair
O: Dark hair.
H: And he had a moustachE.
O: Very gooD.All right, did he have any other distinguishing marks, I mean scars, for example, anything like that?
H: Scars... um ... no. No, none that I can remember.
O: Do you remember how old he was, by any chance?
H: Uh... well, I--I guess around thirty, ...
O: Around thirty.
H: ... may be younger, plus or minus a few years.
O: Mm-hmm. All right, do you, uh, remember anything about what he might have been wearing?
H: Yes. Yes, he--he had on a dark sweater, a--a solid colour. You know, the kind of colour young people fancy nowadays.
O: Or. Urn ... anything else that strikes you at the moment?
H: I--I remember he was wearing a light shirt under the sweater. A cotton one with dark, I think, dark stripes. It looked like a good branD.
O: Ah, very gooD.
H: Yes, yes.
O: Mm--hmm. All right, now, can you tell us anything about the female robber, Mrs. Harrison?
H: Well, I remember that she did most of the talking. She had the gun pointed at us and she told us to lie down, and not to move if we knew what was good for us. I remember it just felt like she was pointing the gun right at me, and my little daughter was right next to me and she--she was just so frightened ...
O: Uh, Mrs. Harrison, could you describe her for us?
H: Ugh. She was wearing a wool sweater ...
O: Ah, very gooD.
H: I remember it was a dark color; navy blue or ... or dark grey.
O: dark grey, mm--hmm.
H: ... and I guess she was in her late twenties. Uh, her hair was short, very short and a bit curly.
O: Do you remember how tall she was?
H: Uh... about the same as myself, around five four.
O: Five four, mm--hmm. All right, do you, uh remember anything else about this woman?
H: Yes. I remember that the woman was wearing a pendant around her neck.
O: Uh--hmm.
H: I remember specifically because I was then near the counter, next to the bank manager, and my little daughter started to cry...
O: Oh.
H: ... and this woman came up to me and was very rude to my daughter. So I had a good look at her and ... and she was sort of, uh, pulling on the chain, uh, playing with the pendant.
O: Oh?
H: It was gold, uh, well, anyway, it looked like gold, and it got a strange shapE.
O: Mm--hmm. Did either of them have any other, uh, noticeable characteristics, Mrs. Harrison? Now, just take a moment
H: No, I don't...
O: ... to think about this.
H: No. No, and this is really all I can remember.
O: Well, did either of them wear glasses?
H: No, no, I'm sure of that.
O: Mm--hmm. All right, Mrs. Harrison, I really appreciate what you've been through today. I'm just going to ask you to look at some photographs before you leave, if you don't minD.It won't take very long. Can you do that for me?
H: Oh, all right.
O: Would you like to step this way with me, please?
H: Ok. SurE.
O: Thank you.
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单项选择题
Between the invention of agriculture and the commercial revolution that marked the end of the Middle Ages, wealth and technology developed slowly indeeD.Medieval historians tell of the centuries it took for key inventions like the watermill or the heavy plow to diffuse across the landscapE.During this period, increases in technology led to increases in the population, with little if any appearing as an improvement in the median standard of living.Even the first century of the industrial revolution produced more 'improvements' than 'revolutions' in standards of living. With the railroad and the spinning and weaving of textiles as important exceptions, most innovations of that period were innovations in how goods were produced and transported, and in new kinds of capital, but not in consumer goods. Standards of living improved but styles of life remained much the samE.The eighteenth and nineteenth centuries saw a faster and different kind of changE.For the first time, technological capability outran population growth and natural resource scarcity. By the last quarter of the nineteenth century, the typical inhabitant of the leading economies—a British, a Belgian, an American, or an Australian had perhaps three times the standard of living of someone in a pre-industrial economy.Still, so slow was the pace of change that people, or at least aristocratic intellectuals, could think of their predecessors of some two thousand years before as effectively their contemporaries. Marcus Tullius Cicero, a Roman aristocrat and politician, might have felt more or less at home in the company of Thomas Jefferson. The plows were better in Jefferson's timE.Sailing ships were much improveD.However, these might have been insufficient to create a sense of a qualitative change in the order of life for the elitE.Moreover, being a slave of Jefferson was probably a lot like being a slave of Cicero.So slow was the pace of change that intellectuals in the early nineteenth century debated whether the industrial revolution was worthwhile, whether it was an improvement or a degeneration in the standard of living. Opinions were genuinely divided, with as optimistic a liberal as John Stuart Mill coming down on the 'pessimist' side as late as the end of the 1840s.In the twentieth century, however, standards of living explodeD.In the twentieth century, the magnitude of the growth in material wealth has been so great as to make it nearly impossible to measurE.Consider a sample of consumer goods available through Montgomery Ward in 1895 when a one-speed bicycle cost $65. Since then, the price of a bicycle measured in 'nominal' dollars has more than doubled (as a result of inflation). Today, the bicycle is much less expensive in terms of the measure that truly counts, its 'real' price: the work and sweat needed to earn its east. In 1895, it took perhaps 260 hours' worth of the average American worker's production to amass enough money to buy a one-speed bicyclE.Today an average American worker can buy one—and of higher quality—for less than 8 hours worth of production.On the bicycle standard (measuring wealth by counting up how many bicycles the labor can buy) the average American worker today is 36 times richer than his or her counterpart was in 1895. Other commodities would tell a different story. An office chair has become 12.5 times cheaper in terms of the time it takes the average worker to produce enough to pay for it. A Steinway piano or an accordion is only twice as cheap. A silver teaspoon is 25 percent more expensivE.Thus the answer to the question 'How much wealthier are we today than our counterparts of a century ago?' depends on which commodities you view as important. For many personal services—having a butler to answer the door and polish your silver spoons—you would find little difference in average wealth between 1895 and 1990: anA.believed that they were very much the same as their equals some two thousand years beforE.B.probably thought that great changes had occurred since Cicero.C.felt that qualitative changes had occurred in the last two thousand years.D.believed in the efficacy of slavery.
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