填空题

How to Read Effectively
Many students tend to read books without any purpose. They often read a book slowly and in great detail with the result that they frequently have no (1)______view of what they are reading. (1)______
To read effectively, students are suggested to do the following:
1) To decide precisely on the (2)______ for reading a book. (2)______
2) To decide what they are going to read:
a. The (3)______page should be read first. (3)______
b. The chapter headings are useful in indicating what should be read.
c. The Index can help to (4)______the pages related to some (4)______
information.
3) To read the opening and final paragraphs so that they could know what
a book is mainly about.
4) To ask themselves what is the main part of their reading and then try
to answer the question by making notes, which can help them to
concentrate on the reading and provide a (5)______which can bo (5)______
re-read later.
5) To increase reading speed without loss of (6)______ (6)______
Three main kinds of silent reading speed:
1) the slowest, study speed for a higher level of understanding,
2) the average speed for easier textbooks, novels, etc.
3) the fastest: (7)______used to get a general idea of a book or an (7)______
article.
The results of a survey of students’ reading speed conducted by Edward
Fry:
A good reader achieves (8)______comprehension when he skims at (8)______
over 800 words a minute, 70% comprehension at 250-500 words a minute,
and 80%-90% comprehension at 200-300 words a minute.
The average speed of a poor reader is 150 to (9)______words a (9)______
minute with a comprehension rate of (10)______. (10)______

【参考答案】

skimming
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When did sport begin If sport IS, in essence, play, the claim might be made that sport is much older than humankind, for, as we all have observed, the beasts play. Dogs and cats wrestle and play ball games. Fishes and birds dance. The apes have simple, pleasurable games. Frolicking infants, school children playing tag, and adult arm wrestlers are demonstrating strong, trans-generational and trans-species bonds with the universe of animals--past, present, and future. Young animals, particularly, tumble, chase, run, wrestle, mock, imitate, and laugh (or so it seems) to the point of delighted exhaustion. Their play, and ours, appears to serve no other purpose than to give pleasure to the players, and apparently, to remove us temporarily from the anguish of life in earnest. Some philosophers have claimed that our playfulness is the most noble part of our basic nature. In their generous conceptions, play harmlessly and experimentally permits us to put our creative forces, fantasy, and imagination into action. Play is release from the tedious battles against scarcity and decline which are the incessant, and inevitable, tragedies of life. This is a grand conception that excites and provokes. The holders of this view claim that the origins of our highest accomplishments--liturgy, literature, and law--can be traced to a play impulse which, paradoxically, we see most purely enjoyed by young beasts and children. Our sports, in this rather happy, non-fatalistic view of human nature, are more splendid creations of the non-datable, trans-species play impulse.