填空题

Changes in the way people live bring about changes in the jobs that they do.
More and more people live in towns and cities instead on farms and in villages. Cities 1. ______
and states have to provide services city people want, such like more police protection, 2. ______
more hospitals, and more schools. This means that more policemen, more nurses and
technicians, and more teachers must be hired. Advances in technology has also changed 3. ______
people’s ways of work. Dishwashers and washing machines do jobs that were once
done by the hand. The widespread use of such electrical appliances means that there is 4. ______
a need for servicemen to keep it running properly. 5. ______
People are earning higher wages and salaries. This leads changes in the way of life. 6. ______
As income goes down, people may not want more food to eat or more clothes to wear. 7. ______
But they may want more and better care from doctors, dentists and hospitals. They are
likely to travel more and to want more education. Nevertheless, many more jobs are 8. ______
available in these services.
The government also .affects the kind of works people do. The governments of 9. ______
most countries spend huge sums of money for international defence. They hire 10. ______
thousands of engineers, scientists, clerks, typists and secretaries to work on the many
different aspects of defence.

【参考答案】

has→have
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When did sport begin If sport IS, in essence, play, the claim might be made that sport is much older than humankind, for, as we all have observed, the beasts play. Dogs and cats wrestle and play ball games. Fishes and birds dance. The apes have simple, pleasurable games. Frolicking infants, school children playing tag, and adult arm wrestlers are demonstrating strong, trans-generational and trans-species bonds with the universe of animals--past, present, and future. Young animals, particularly, tumble, chase, run, wrestle, mock, imitate, and laugh (or so it seems) to the point of delighted exhaustion. Their play, and ours, appears to serve no other purpose than to give pleasure to the players, and apparently, to remove us temporarily from the anguish of life in earnest. Some philosophers have claimed that our playfulness is the most noble part of our basic nature. In their generous conceptions, play harmlessly and experimentally permits us to put our creative forces, fantasy, and imagination into action. Play is release from the tedious battles against scarcity and decline which are the incessant, and inevitable, tragedies of life. This is a grand conception that excites and provokes. The holders of this view claim that the origins of our highest accomplishments--liturgy, literature, and law--can be traced to a play impulse which, paradoxically, we see most purely enjoyed by young beasts and children. Our sports, in this rather happy, non-fatalistic view of human nature, are more splendid creations of the non-datable, trans-species play impulse.