多项选择题

中级人民法院管辖下列第一审行政案件()。

A.对省会城市人民政府所作的具体行政行为提起诉讼的案件
B.海关处理的案件
C.确认专利权的案件
D.确认商标权的案件
E.对国务院各部门所作的具体行政行为提起诉讼的案件

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Zoos are under a lot of pressure these days to justify their existencE.In the past, collections of animals were assembled largely to entertain the public or to satisfy a private desirE.There was often little understanding of the animal's biological or behavioral needs, and even less perception of a responsibility to justify the collection in terms of science, conservation or popular education. For responsible zoos, this has changed dramatically.By acting as a reservoir for species, zoos can act as a safety device in case the species become extinct in naturE.Zoos can also provide the animals necessary to reintroduce species extinct in the wild once the threats to their survival have been controlleD.A second important function of any good zoo must be the education of the visitor. Regardless of the scientific expertise (专长) of the individual, he or she can expect to learn something every time he walks through the zoo gatE.For many people, especially those living in towns, this is the closest they will come to see wild animals. Even with the high quality of the current wildlife films, there is no replacement for seeing the real thing. One must appreciate that for many people an animal simply isn't real if they only see it on a television screen. Zoos provide an opportunity to make the emotional and rational commitment essential to the future of conservation.Finally, it should be appreciated that zoos provide a unique opportunity for research, the results of which may be crucial to the survival of species.Apart from the debate over whether zoos perform. a valuable role in society, they are often attacked on animal welfare grounds -- that they are little more than prisons, exploiting their inhabitants for commercial purposes. Unfortunately there is a tendency to tar (玷污) all zoos with the same brush, regardless of fundamental differences in their philosophy, the quality of care given to their animals, and their contribution to science and conservation.Nobody is arguing that zoos are perfect or that they are a substitute for the wilD.But it is important to place them -- the responsible, good zoos -- in the overall context of conservation, and to recognize that they and the staff they support have a valuable role to play in the futurE.What is the author's argument in the passage?A.An important new role has evolved for good zoos: they are not prisons for animals but reservoirs of species.B.Zoos should learn to justify their existence no matter how great the pressure is.C.Criticism on zoos ought to be more specific because zoos are not graded on the same level.D.The function of education of zoos becomes more important and practical.

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Pollution control is management of waste materials in order to minimize the effects of pollutants on people and the environment. The quality of human health and of the natural environment depends on adequate pollution control. In the United States much has been done to control the more noticeable pollutants since 1965: more subtle yet still hazardous pollutants, however, remain to be adequately controlleD.Four general approaches to pollution control are: the intermittent reduction of industrial activities during periods of high air-pollution conditions; wider dispersion of pollutants using such devices as taller smokestacks; reduction of pollutants in industrial emission; and change of an industrial process or activity in order to produce less pollution. Taller smokestacks may reduce the concentrations to which local people are exposed, but they are ineffective in reducing overall pollution.Pollutants removed from waste flows to reduce emissions to air and water may be disposed of by burial or storage on land, practices that pose potential hazards. Recent legislation requiring extensive emissions reductions has resulted in large investments in pollution-treatment technologies.The fourth approach — changing a manufacturing process or activity in order to produce less pollution — may involve either the production of fewer residuals, by means of an improved process, or the separation and reuse of materials from the waste stream. This method of pollution control is the most effective and, as the costs of pollution control and waste disposal increase, is considered one of the most efficient.Pollution-treatment systems have been effective in reducing the massive quantities of water and air pollutants that have clogged and choked urban areas. Although the improvements have been significant, recent pollution-control legislation aims to go further in order to control the less visible but often hazardous chemical and gaseous pollutants that still contaminate many waterways and urban atmospheres.The costs of pollution control — resulting from capital, maintenance, and labor costs, as well as from the cost of additional residuals disposal — generally go up rapidly as a greater percentage of residuals is removed from the waste stream. Damage from pollution, on the other hand, goes down as a greater amount of contaminant is removeD.Theoretically, the level of treatment should correspond to a point at which total costs of treatment and of damage to the environment are minimized or the benefits of further treatment are proportionally much smaller than the increased cost. In reality, costs or damages resulting from pollution can rarely be assessed in terms of dollars.According to the passagE.All of the following can be objectives of pollution control EXCEPT______.A.reducing polluting substancesB.controlling all the pollutantsC.restricting industrial activitiesD.improving the environment and human health

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A.reducing
H.controlling
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J.improving