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Task 1
Directions: After reading the following passage, you will find 5 questions or unfinished statements, numbered 36 through 40. For each question or statement there are 4 choices marked A, B, C, and D.You should make the correct choicE.
It would be difficult to have a society like ours without public goods such as defense, transportation, and other services.
A public good is one that a person can use without reducing the use of it for another person. One of the best examples of a public good is national defensE.One person can benefit from our national defense without reducing another person's benefits. In fact, it is difficult to keep any person in our society from enjoying the benefits of national defensE.
The market system does not work well in producing public goods. This is because a person who refuses to pay for a public good cannot be kept from using it. Suppose that the neighbors in a high crime area decide to hire a police forcE.Each neighbor, except Mrs. Smith, agrees to pay $100 a year for it. Mrs. Smith refuses to pay because she knows that if all the others pay the $100, the police will guard the area anyway. So Mrs. Smith can enjoy the services of the police force without paying $100.
The market system has no way to deal with this type of problem. For this reason, we cannot ask each person to make a direct payment in the form. of product pricE.Therefore, we collect money for public goods by using taxes.
According to passage, public goods are ______.
A.services enjoyed by all people
B.what we can buy and sell in public
C.products that we make for national defense
D.taxes paid by the people involved

A.It
B.
C.
D.
E.
According
F.
A.services
G.what
H.products
I.taxes

【参考答案】

A
解析：本题为推理题。根据文章第一段“如果没有例如国防、运输及其他服务的公共利益，想要拥有一个像我们这样的社会......

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Task 2Directions: This task is the same as Task 1. The 5 questions or unfinished statements are numbered 41 through 45.Your Public Affairs Studies Course requires that you undid a major investigation on any topic of interest and it also requires that you draw together all the areas of your study. However, you do not need to give equal emphasis to each areA.With this in mind, you can now start planning your project for investigation. Your course of study will bring you in contact with many issues; some of these will be of more interest to you than others. Your teacher or classmates may be able to make suggestions. Newspapers and magazines that you read carry issues of relevance(关联) to your studies; look at these carefully. You are sure to find sources of ideas from them which you can adapt to form. the basis of your report. Career interests are also a source for inspiration(灵感), as you may have in mind a career which you wish to enter. Whatever you choose, it must be something that you are interested in. It should have some meaning to you, either now or in the futurE.Interest is of great importance because it helps to keep motivation (动力) or concentration.What is the course in this passage about?A.Investigation.B.Career Interests.C.Public Relations.D.Public Affairs.

A.Your
B.
What
C.Investigation.
B.Career
D.
C.Public
E.
D.Public

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In his essay 'The Parable of the Tapeworm,' Marlo Vargas Llosa argues that at the heart of the writer' s will to write is rebellion, a 'rejection and criticism of life as it is.' Moreover, he speculates, it is even possible that good literature may inspire actual acts of rebellion when the reader compares the better world of the book to the relative junk heap of real lifE.Whether or not this is universally true, it' s an attractive idea, and, in its way, a comforting onE.Language is a lever that might move the enormous weight of the fickle, war-tom world we live in. It' s free, universal and highly portable: better than plastic bomb and difficult to govern.Vargas Llosa' s idea is also, of course, a writerly sort of realpolitik, a wish that a good novel --or story or poem -- can literally remake history. When Luis Alberto Urrea began his epic novel, 'The Hummingbird' s Daughter,' 20 years ago, the United States was in the first phase of a conservative backlash, the culture wars were gathering steam, and the left felt itself to be under a dark clouD.Two decades later, the situation seems even graver: the culture wars are more intense and the left feels under not a cloud but an anvil.With the election of a new, deeply conservative pope, Urrea' s timing couldn't be better: his main character, Teresita, is a saint as envisioned not in the marble reaches of the Vatican but in the populist pueblos of liberation theology, a Mexican saint of dust and blood, with lice in her hair and dirt under her fingernails. Poor, illegitimate, illiterate and despised, Teresita is the embodiment of the dictum that the last shall be first, and her ascension over the course of 500 pages is a myth that is also a charmingly written manifesto.Urrea, who was born in Tijuana to an American mother and a Mexican father, is the author of 10 previous books of nonfiction, fiction and poetry; the best known of these are probably 'The Devil' s Highway' and 'Across the Wire,' nonfiction accounts of hardscrabble lives on the Mexican-United States border. For 'The Hummingbird' s Daughter,' he reached back into his own family history, or what he calls 'a family folk talE.' Teresa Urrea, known in the novel as Teresita, was a distant relative and, as Urrea discovered, the subject of some earlier scholarship, an 'influential' series of newspaper articles in the 1930' s and at least one other novel. Urrea' s book re-imagines her story on a grand scale, as a mix of leftist hagiography, mystical bildungsroman and melancholic national anthem.The half-Indian child of a wealthy Mexican landowner, Teresita, born in 1873 with a red triangle on her forehead, is also possessed of a supernatural gift for healing that becomes much stronger as she grows up, and stronger still after suffering a terrible assault that kills her. She rises from the dead and begins to perform. miracles. The sick, the halt and the dying gather around her, and so do Mexican revolutionaries. 'Everything the government does,' Teresita preaches to them, 'is morally wrong.' This democratic groundswell inevitably results in a showdown with the Mexican authorities.Teresita' s endurance- and survival -- are literally and spiritually linked to the struggles of Mexico itself, a struggle that Urrea sees firmly from the bottom up. 'God is a worker, like us,' Hnila, an aged curandera, insttucts the young TeresitA.'He made the world w he didn't hire poor Indies to build it for him! God has worker' s hands. Just remember -- angels carry no harps. Angels carry hammers.'In the first paragraph, literature is compared to plastique becausE.A.both of them are portableB.both of them are difficult to governC.both of them can be used in rebellionD.both are them are highly influential

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A.both
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L.both
M.both