填空题

A
The people living in the Appalachian Mountains are sometimes called "hillbillies". The first settlers there came from the British Isles, and they brought their folk music with them. This music, mixed with the blues, became hillbilly music.
Later, as hillbilly music became more popular, it was called country music. Country songs are often sad stories of love and broken hearts. The center for this kind of music was Nashville, Tennessee. In the 1920s people listened to country music on the radio. The moot famous Nashville radio show was the "Grand Ole Opry". This show, and country singers like Willie Nelson are still popular today.
Not all country people were farmers. Many made their lives in the mines and factories. They also loved country music and it became the music of the working people.
During the 1930s American had many economic problems. Workers expressed their troubles in the folk music of the time. Folk songs are like country songs but they are more traditional and more serious. They don’t just talk about love, they tell about the lives of ordinary people. Woodie Guthrie was a folk song writer during the 30s. He traveled around the country and wrote songs about the poor people. During the 1950s folk music became popular again. Martin Luther King wanted to improve the lives of black Americans. He led peaceful marches to change the laws in the U. S. The marchers sang old folk songs like "We Shall Overcome". Modern folk singers like Pete Seeger wrote new folk songs about problems in America in the 50s.
In the 1960s many people were against the war in Vietnam. Folk singers like Bob Dylan and Joan Baez wrote anti-war songs like Dylan’s "Blowing in the Wind", and other songs about the problems of American society. Folk music kept to be the moot political of all music in America.
B
Although jazz began in New Orleans, it soon moved to all the big cities like St. Louis, Chicago, New York, and Los Angeles. New forms of jazz developed and their styles changed.
In the 1920s, American fell in love with dancing and popular jazz music. Big hotels hired dance bands. Dance halls were opened around the country. New dances with strange names like the Charleston were popular. Women cut their hair short and wore short skirts for the first time. These women were called "flappers". Older Americans were shocked by jazz music, the new dances, and the flappers. One of the most famous musicians of this time was Louis Armstrong. He became famous for his trumpet playing and his low rough voice. Musicians like Armstrong brought a new form of music to America and the world.
The 1930s in America was the time of the big bands and a new kind of jazz called swing. This new music had a special rhythm. Harlem, part of New York, became the center of swing music. Big band leaders like Benny Goddman, Duke Ellington, and Glenn Miller played in Harlem at the Cotton Club and the Savoy Ballroom. People came and danced the foxtrot and the jitterbug. Swing music was the popular music of World War Ⅱ.
When Dixieland, ragtime, and swing musicians changed to new, more complex styles. At first jazz was dance music. As it became more complex it was mostly for listening. For this reason most jazz is now played in small bars and live jazz clubs, not in big dance halls.
Jazz styles are always changing. In recent years, jazz musicians have put together jazz music and rock instruments like the electric guitar. This new jazz style is called electric jazz or fusion.
C
The 1950s were a golden time for music in America. The economic problems of the 30s and the war of the 40s were over. America was rich again. A new group of people became important— American teenagers. For the first time in history young people had money to spend. They had a new way of dressing, new hair styles and new dances.
In the early 50s slow romantic songs were still popular. But teenagers liked dance music with a good beat, and so they began to listen to R & B (rhythm and blues) on the black radio stations. A white disc jockey, Alan Freed, began to play R & B on the radio for white teenagers. He was the first person to call this new music rock and roll. The first white group to make a rock and roll hit record was Bill Haley and the Comets, with "Rock Around the Clock." Rock and roll music had a strong dance beat. The musicians played electric guitars and the music was lund and fast. American teenagers loved it.
About the same time, the owner of Sun Record Company, Sam Phillips said, "If I could find a white man who had the Negro [black] sound and the Negro feel, I could make a billion dollars." He found his wish in Elvis Presley, the king of rock and roll. Elvis became a new American hero and young people copied his hair style, his dress, as well as his music.
On February 3, 1959 three famous rock and roll stars, Buddy Holly, The Big Bopper, and Richie Valens, died in a plane crash. As a result many people thought that rock and roll music had died too. But the music of the late 50s lived on. Rock and pop from the 60s to the 90s grew out of this old rock and roll. As the song says "Rock and roll is here to stay."
· cares most about politics and social problems (72)
· was popular in 1920s (73)
· had a song writer Wooie Guthrie (74)
· built an American Hero Elvis Presley (75)
· was most popular in WW Ⅱ (76)
· was most popular in Tennessee at first (77)
· was first played mostly for dancing then for listening (78)
· was played and sung by marchers (79)
· was made up by Alan Freed (80)
· was especially worshiped by teenagers (81)

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