填空题
Machines and foreign competition will replace (31) of American jobs. But work will be plentiful for people (32) in the occupations of the future. The Labor Department predicts a net increase of 25 million new jobs in the United States in 1995, (33) service-industry jobs growing three times (34) rapidly as factory jobs. "Work will shift its emphasis from the fatigue and (35) of the production line and the typing pool to the more interesting challenge of the electronic service center, the design studio, the research laboratory, the education institute, and the training school, "predicts Canadian economist Calvert.
Jobs in high-tech fields will multiply fastest, (36) from a low base. In (37) of actual numbers, more mundane occupations will experience the biggest surge: custodians, cashiers, secretaries, waiters and clerks. Yet much of the drudge work will be taken (38) by robots.
The (39) of robots performing blue-collar tasks will increase (40) 3 000 in 1981 to 40 000 in 1990, says John E. Taylor of the Human Resources Research Organization in Alexandria, Va. Robots might also be found on war zones, (41) space-even in the office, perhaps (42) coffee, opening mall and delivering messages.
One unsolved problem: what to do (43) workers displaced by high technology and foreign competition. (44) the world "the likelihood of growing permanent unemployment is becoming (45) accepted as a reality among social planners," notes David Macarov, associate professor of the Hebrew University in Jerusalem. Meantime, the percentage of time people (46) on the job is (47) to continue to fall. Robert Theobald, (48) of Avoiding 1984, fears that joblessness will (49) to increasing depression, bitterness, and unrest. "The dramatic consequences of such a shift on the Western psyche, (50) has made the job the way we value human beings, are almost incalculable, "he comments.