单项选择题

听力原文:Man: What exactly is 'Spokes'?
Woman: Well, it's a voluntary organization which has been going for the last three years or so, um it's really an action group for cyclists. And the basic purpose of 'Spokes' is to encourage cycling, especially in cities, and also to make sure that city planners are aware of the needs of cyclists and that they provide proper facilities for cyclists, Now this is very important because when plans are made for new streets in cities, pedestrians are always included because you have pavements and shopping areas and parks, and motorists are always included because you have roads and car parks and so on. But it seems to us that nobody actually thinks of the cyclists and somehow the cyclists come between the cars and the pedestrians and there aren't really any facilities provided for them. And that was really the basic reason why we set up 'Spokes' in the first place—because we felt that the cyclist ought to be represented too.
Man: So what kind of facilities do you think there should be fore cyclists?
Woman: Well, the most important thing I think is that there should be special lanes for cyclists in at least some of the streets in cities where only cyclists are allowed to go—urn, at the moment in most cities there's either no special lane for bicycles at all, they just share the road with all the other traffic or else cyclists are supposed to use the same lane as buses, which of course is extremely dangerous.
Man: But wouldn't a lot of people say that there are really very few cyclists on the road compared with the number of cars, so why should so much money be spent just of them? Is it really worth it?
Woman: Yes we think it is wroth it, for one thing because of the number of accidents that there are at the moment. Most serious accidents involving cyclists are caused by cars, and they happen because drivers assume that the road is for them and they simply don't notice that the cyclist's there—and so I’m sure special lanes for bicycles would lead to fewer accidents. And another mason it's worth having special lanes is that it would encourage more people to use bicycles. And yes of course at the moment there are very few cyclists one the roads, but that's because cycling in cities is so dangerous and so unpleasant. Now obviously if better facilities were provided for cyclists, there would be far more bicycles on the road just like there are in Holland and Denmark, and this would be a very good thing for everybody. I think it's ridiculous that people in Britain talk so much about pollution and the energy crisis and so on, but in spite of that they don't do anything to encourage cycling, which is cheap and clean and also very good for you.
Man: Now you described 'Spokes' as an 'action group' for cyclists. What exactly have you done?
Woman: Well, so far we've been mainly concerned with just drawing people's attention to cyclists and the needs of cyclists. So we've held meetings and we've written to newspapers and to city councils suggesting things that can be done to help cyclists and we've held bicycle rallies in some places.
Man: Do you think you've had any effect?
Woman: Oh very much so. I think as a result of what we've done local councils are now actually beginning to consider cyclists as another group they're got to take notice of and in a few cities they've already do started to include cycle lanes and special routes for cyclists in their plans.
Questions:
27.What is the main purpose of the 'Spoke'?
28.What does the woman say about the cause of accidents involving cyclists?
29.According to the woman, what are the advantages of cycling?
30.Which of the following is NOT included in what the organization has done to promote its cause?
(47)
A.To promote sales of bicycles.
B.To encourage cycling.
C.To reduce car accidents.
D.To improve road conditions.

A.Man:
B.
Man:
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Man:
D.
Man:
E.
Questions:
27.What
F.What
G.According
H.Which
I.To
J.
B.To
K.
C.To
L.
D.To
M.
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单项选择题
One of London Zoo's recent advertisements caused me some irritation, so patently did it distort reality. Headlined 'Without zoos you might as well tell these animals to get stuffed', it was bordered with illustrations of several endangered species and went on to extol the myth that without zoos like London Zoo these animals 'will almost certainly disappear forever'. With the zoo world's rather mediocre record on conservation, one might be forgiven for being slightly skeptical about such an advertisement.Zoos were originally created as places of entertainment, and their suggested involvement with conservation didn't seriously arise until about 30 years ago, when the Zoological Society of London held the first formal international meeting on the subject. Eight years later, a series of world conferences took place, entitled 'The Breeding of Endangered Species', and from this point onwards conservation became the zoo community's buzzworD.Tiffs commitment has now been clearly defined in The World Zoo Conservation Strategy (WZCS, September 1993), which-although an important and welcome document-does seem to be based on an unrealistic optimism about the nature of the zoo industry.The WZCS estimates that there are about 10,000 zoos in the world, of which around 1,000 represent a core of quality collections capable of participating in coordinated conservation programmes. This is probably the document's first failing, as I believe that 10,000 is a serious underestimate of the total number of places masquerading as zoological establishments. Of course it is difficult to get accurate data but, to put the issue into perspective, I have found that, in a year of working in Eastern Europe, I discover fresh zoos on almost a weekly basis.The second flaw in the reasoning of the WZCS document is the naive faith it places in its 1,000 core zoos. One would assume that the caliber of these institutions would have been carefully examined, but it appears that the criterion for inclusion on this select list might merely be that the zoo is a member of a zoo federation or association. This might be a good starting point, working on the premise that members must meet certain standards, but again the facts don't support the theory. The greatly respected American Association of Zoological Parks and Aquariums (AAZPA) has had extremely dubious members, and in the UK the Federation of Zoological Gardens of Great Britain and Ireland has occasionally had members that have been roundly censured in the national press. These include Robin Hill Adventure Park on the Isle Wight, which many considered the most notorious collection of animals in the country. This establishment, which for years was protected by the Isle's local council (which viewed it as a tourist amenity), was finally closed down following a damning report by a veterinary inspector appointed under the terms of the Zoo Licensing Act 1981. As it was always a collection of dubious repute, one is obliged to reflect upon the standards that the Zoo Federation sets when granting membership. The situation is even worse in developing countries where little money is available for redevelopment and it is hard to see a way of incorporating collections into the overall scheme of the WZCS.Even assuming that the WZCS's 1,000 core zoos are all of a high standard—complete with scientific staff and research facilities, trained and dedicated keepers, accommodation that permits normal or natural behaviour, and a policy of co-operating fully with one another—what might be the potential for conservation? Colin Tudge, author of Last Animals at the Zoo (Oxford University Press, 1992), argues that 'if the world's zoos worked together in co-operative breeding programmes, then even without further expansion they could save around 2,000 species of endangered land vertebrates'. This seems an extremely optimistic proposition from a man who must be aware of the failing and weaknesses ofA.London Zoo's advertisements are dishonest.B.Zoos made an insignificant contribution to conservation up until 30 years ago.C.No one knew how the animals were being treated at Robin Hill Adventure Park.D.The number of successful zoo conservation programmes is unsatisfactory.
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单项选择题
Wild Bill Donovan would have loved the Internet. The American spymaster who built the Office of Strategic Services in the World War II and later laid the roots for the CIA was fascinated with information. Donovan believed in using whatever tools came to hand in the 'great game' of espionage—spying as a 'profession'. These days the Net, which has already re-made pastimes as buying books and sending mail, is reshaping Donovan's vocation as well.The last revolution isn't simply a matter of gentlemen reading other gentlemen's e-mail. That kind of electronic spying has been going on for decades. In the past three or four years, the World Wide Web has given birth to a whole industry of point-and-click spying. The technical talents call it 'open source intelligence', and as the Net grows, it is becoming increasingly influential. In 1995 the CIA held a contest to see who could compile the most data about Burundi. The winner, by a large margin, was a tiny Virginia company called Open-Source Solutions, whose clear advantage was its mastery of the electronic worlD.Among the firms making the biggest splash in the new world is Straitford InC., a private intelligence-analysis firm based in Austin, Texas. Straitford makes money by selling the results of spying (covering nations from Chile to Russia) to corporations like energy-services firm McDermott International. Many of its predictions are available online at www. straitford, com.Straitford president George Friedman says he sees the online world as a kind of mutually reinforcing tool for both information collection and distribution, a spymaster's dream. Last week his firm was busy vacuuming up data bits from the far comers of the world and predicting a crisis in UkrainE.'As soon as that report nms, we'll suddenly get 500 new Internet sign-ups from Ukraine,' says Friedman, a former political science professor. 'And we'll hear back from some of them.' Open-source spying does have its risks, of course, since it can be difficult to tell good information from baD.That's where Straitford earns its keep.Friedman relies on a lean staff in Austin. Several of his staff members have military-intelligence backgrounds. He sees the firm's outsider status as the key to its success. Straitford's briefs don't sound like the usual Washington back-and-forthing, whereby agencies avoid dramatic declarations on the chance they might be wrong. Straitford, says Friedman, takes pride in its independent voicE.The emergence of the Net has ______.A.received support from fans like DonovanB.remolded the intelligence servicesC.restored many common pastimesD.revived spying as a profession
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A.received
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