单项选择题

Though agreeing with Descartes that consciousness and extension are qualitatively distinct, Spinoza’s dual-aspect theory denied that consciousness and extension are inherent characteristics of two finite substances, treating Line them instead as attributes of the infinite substance of a transcendent intelligence. While mental occurrences can dictate only other mental occurrences and physical motions can determine only other physical motions,mind and body exist in pre-established coordination, since the same self-consistent intelligence establishes affinities and connections within both classes.Another alternative, psychophysical parallelism, retains both the dualism of mind and body and the notion of a regular correlation between mental and physical events, but avoids any assumption of causal mind-body connection,direct or indirect. Psychophysical parallelism eschews interactionism, stating that mental and physical could not possibly affect one another, and also rejects occasionalism and dual-aspect theory on the grounds that no third entity,including a transcendent intelligence, could be responsible for such vastly different effects.Parallelists accept only pure correlations, not causation, between mental and physical events.

It can be inferred from the passage that dual-aspect theory relies on what key assumption concerning the "transcendent intelligence" to establish the connection between mental and physical occurrences（）

(A) The intelligence is omniscient with regard to mental and physical occurrences, envisioning all acts of causation in advance.
(B) The intelligence transcends consciousness and extension, but not other categories of substance.
(C) Only infinite substances can establish a unity of finite substances, whether that of a mental or physical nature.
(D) The intelligence exists in a state of invariable consistency, allowing the synthesis of different metaphysical categories.
(E) The intelligence is the only means of establishing a common category between distinct consciousnesses.

<上一题目录下一题>

热门试题

单项选择题

According to the passage, which of the following events is most analogous to the relationship between thought and event articulated by psychophysical parallelism（）

(A) A man looks in a mirror and, as a result, of the effect of cognition, sees his own reflections.
(B) One thought in a sentient entity leads, by virtue of the stream of consciousness, to another thought.
(C) A match is struck, and through the effects of a physical law, it ignites into flame.
(D) Every time a pingpong ball is bounced, a tree falls, but through no causal relationship.
(E) A human being makes a mental judgment based on physical phenomena he has observed.

单项选择题

The author cites Spinoza’s belief that mind and body exist in pre-established coordination most likely in order to（）

(A) prove that Descartes confused the true distinction between consciousness and extension
(B) suggest the logical assumption behind Spinoza’s embrace of dualism
(C) lay the groundwork for psychophysical parallelism’s rejection of occasionalism
(D) deny that any outside entity could be responsible for both mental and physical events
(E) establish why he believed mental events could not determine physical motions