By the time I began teaching in the early 1970s, everyone already seemed to be in business for himself, looking for the best deal, which meant the least teaching for the most money at the most snobbishly well-regarded schools. The spirit of capitalism, for all that might be said on its behalf, wreaks havoc when applied to culture and education. The English novelist David Lodge neatly caught this spirit at work when he created, in two of his academic novels, the character Morris Zapp. A scholar-operator, Zapp, as described by Lodge, is well-primed to enter a profession as steeped in free enterprise as Wall Street, in which each scholar-teacher makes an individual contract with his employer, and is free to sell his services to the highest bidder. Said to be based on the Milton-man Stanley Fish, an identification that Fish apparently has never disavowed but instead glories in, Morris Zapp is the freebooter to a high power turned loose in academic settings: always attempting to strengthen his own position, usually delighted to be of disservice to the old ideal of aca- demic dignity and integrity. Fish himself ended his days with a deanship at the University of Illinois in Chicago for a salary said to be ＄250, 000, much less than a utility infielder in the major leagues makes but, for an academic, a big number. 点击查看答案

幸福可以被描绘成一种积极的情绪和一种愉快的心境。 根据最近的民意测验，百分之六十到七十的美国人认为他们自己基本上是幸福的；而每二十个人中有一个人认为自己非常不幸福。心理学家们一直在研究构成幸福的因素。幸福是不可预卜的，而一个处于表面上最理想的环境中的人也不一定就会幸福。理想的环境和他实际的感觉之间可能没有什么关系。 点击查看答案