Answer questions 71～80 by referring to the following games.
Note：Answer each question by choosing A, B, C or D
．Some choices may be requiredmore than once. A=The
Imperial Palace B=The Temple of Heaven C=Potala Palace
D=Jokhang Temple Which palace or temple… A The Imperial Palace
What strikes one first in a bird’s-eye view of Beijing proper
is a vast tract of golden roofs flashing brilliantly in the sun with purple
walls occasionally emerging amid them and a stretch of luxuriant tree leaves
flanking on each side. That is the former Imperial Palace, popularly known as
the Forbidden City, from which twenty-four emperors of the Ming and Qing
Dynasties ruled China for some 500 years—from 1420 to 1911. The Ming Emperor
Yong Le, who usurped the throne from his nephew and made Beijing the capital,
ordered its construction, on which approximately 10,000 artists and a million
workmen toiled for 14 years from 1406 to 1420. At present, the Palace is an
elaborate museum that presents the largest and most complete ensemble of
traditional architecture complex and more than 900,000 pieces of court treasures
in all dynasties in China. Located in the center of
Beijing, the entire palace area, rectangular in shape and 72 hectares in size,
is surrounded by walls ten meters high and a moat 52 meters wide. At each corner
of the wall stands a watchtower with a double-eave roof covered with yellow
glazed tiles. The main buildings, the six great halls,
one following the other, are set facing south along the central north-south axis
from the Meridian Gate, the south entrance, to Shenwumen, the great gate
piercing in the north wall. On either side of the palace are many comparatively
small buildings. Symmetrically in the northeastern section lie the six Eastern
Palaces and in the northwestern section the six Western Palaces. The Palace area
is divided into two parts：the Outer Court and the Inner Palace. The former
consists of the first three main halls, where the emperor received his courtiers
and conducted grand ceremonies, while the latter was the living quarters for the
imperial residence. At the rear of the Inner Palace is the Imperial Garden where
the emperor and his family sought recreation. B The Temple of Heaven
The Temple of Heaven was initially built in Yongle Year 18 of the Ming
Dynasty(in 1420). Situated in the southern part of the city, it covers the total
area of 273 hectares. With the additions and rebuilding during the Ming, Qing
and other Dynasties, this grand set of structures look magnificent and
glorious；the dignified environment appears solemn and respectful. It is the
place for both Ming and Qing Dynasty’s Emperors to worship Heaven and pray for
good harvest. The northern part of the Temple is circular while the southern
part is square, implying “sky is round and earth is square”to better symbolize
heaven and earth. The whole compound is enclosed by two walls, dividing the
whole Temple into inner and outer areas, with the main structures enclosed in
the inner area. The most important constructions are the Hall of Prayer for Good
Harvest, the Circular Mound Altar, Imperial Heaven, The Imperial Vault of
Heaven, Heaven Kitchen, Long Corridor and so on, as well as the Echo Wall, the
Triple-Sound Stone, the Seven-Star Stone and others of historic interest and
scenic beauty. The Temple of Heaven is a comprehensive expression of the unique
construction techniques from Ming and Qing Dynasties；it is China’s most
treasured ancient architecture；it is also the world’s largest architectural
complex for worshipping heaven.In 1998, it was included in the“list of the world
heritages”by the United Nation’s Educational．Scientific and Cultural
Organization. C Pltala
Palace In 641, after marrying Princess Wencheng, Songtsen
Gampo decided to build a grand palace to accommodate her and let his descendants
remember the event. However, the original palace was destroyed due to a
lightening strike and succeeding warfare during Landama’s reign. In the
seventeenth century under the reign of the Fifth Dalai Lama, Potala was rebuilt.
The Thirteenth Dalai Lama expanded it to today’s scale．The monastery-like
palace, reclining against and capping Red Hill, was the religious and political
center of old Tibet and the winter palace of Dalai Lamas．The palace is more than
117 meters(384 feet)in height and 360(1, 180 feet)in width, occupying a building
space of 90 thousand square meters. Potala is composed of White Palace and Red
Palace. The former is for secular use while the latter is for religious.
The White Palace consists of offices, dormitories, a,
Buddhist official seminary and a printing house. From the east entrance of the
palace, painted with images of Four Heavenly Kings, a broad corridor upwards
leads to Deyang Shar courtyard, which used to be where Dalai Lamas watched
operas. Around the large and open courtyard, there used to be a seminary and
dormitories. West of the courtyard is the White Palace. There are three ladder
stairs reaching inside of it, however, the central one was reserved for only
Dalai Lamas and central government magistrates dispatched to Tibet. In the first
hallway, there are huge murals describing the construction of Potala Palace and
Jokhang Temple and the procession of Princess Wencheng reaching Tibet. On the
south wall，visitors will see an edict signed with the Great Fifth’s handprint.
The White Palace mainly serves as the political headquarter and Dalai
Lamas’living quarters The West Chamber of Sunshine and the EaSt Chamber of
Sunshine lie as the roof of the White Palace. They belonged to the Thirteenth
Dalai Lalna and the Fourteenth Dalai Lama respectively. Beneath the East Chamber
of Sunshine is the 1argest hall in the White Palace. where Dalai Lamas ascended
throne and ruled Tibet. D
Jokhang Temple Jokhang Temple is the spiritual center of
Tibet. Everyday pilgrims from every comer of Tibet trek a long distance to the
temple. Some of them even progress prostrate by body length to the threshold of
the temple. Pilgrims fuel myriad of flickering butter lamps with yak butter，or
honor their deities with white scarves(Kha-btags or Hada)while murmuring sacred
mantras to show their pieties to the Buddha. It lies at
the center of the old Lhasa. Built in 647 by Songtsen Gampo and his two foreign
wives，it has a history of more than 1,300. It was said that Nepal Princess
Tritsun decided to build a temple to house the Jowo Sakyamuni aged 12 brought by
Chinese Princess Wencheng. Princess Wencheng reckoned according to Chinese
astrology that the temple should be built on the pool where the Jokhang now
locates. She contended that the pool was a witch’s heart, so the temple should
be built on the pool to get rid of evils．The pool still exists under the temple.
Then goats were used as the main pack animals，as is the reason the city is
called Lhasa. The construction took 12 months. However it was originally small
and had been expanded to today’s scale in later dynasties. When the Fifth Dalai
Lama took reign. large-scale reconstruction and renovation had been done. The
temple is a combination of Han，Tibetan and Nepalese architectural techniques.
Visitors will see sphinx and other weird and sacred sculptures. is the oldest one among the four in the text ______