The passage contains TEN errors. Each indicated lie contains a maximum
of ONE error. In each case, only ONE word is involved. You should proofread the
passage and correct it in the following way." For a
wrong word, underline the wrong word and write the correct
one in the blank provided at the end of the line. For a
missing word, mark the position of the missing word with a
" ∧ "sign and write the word you believe to be missing in the blank provided at
the end of the line. For an unnecessary word,
cross the unnecessary word with a slash "/" and put the word in the blank
provided at the end of the line.
A new study uses advanced brain-scanning technology to cast
light onto a topic that (1) ______ psychologists
have puzzled over more than half a century: social conformity. The study
(2) ______ was based on a famous series of
laboratory experiment from the 1950’s by a social
(3) ______ psychologist, Dr. Solomon Asch. In
those early studies, the subjects were shown two cards. On the first was a
vertical line. On the second were three lines, one of them the same length
with that on the first card. Then the subjects were asked to say which two
(4) ______ lines were like, something that
most 5-year-olds could answer correctly. But Dr. Asch
(5) ______ added a twist. Seven other people, in cahoots
with the researchers, also examined the lines and gave their answers before
the subjects did. And Sometimes these confederates unconsciously (6)
______ gave the right answer. Dr. Asch was astonished at what happened next.
After thinking hard, (7) ______ three out of four
subjects agreed with the incorrect answers given by the confederates at least
(8) ______ once. And one in four conformed 50 percent of the time. Dr.
Asch, who died in 1996, always wondered about the findings. Did the people
who gave in to group do so knowing that their answers was right Or did the
social pressure actually change their perceptions The researchers found that
social conformity showed up in the brain like activity in regions that
(9) ______ are entirely devoted to perception. But independence of
judgment--standing up for one’s beliefs -- showed up as activity in brain
areas involved in emotion, the study found, suggesting that there be a cost
for going against the group.
(10) ______