填空题

Observing Behaviour

People do observation in daily life context for safety or f or proper behaviour. However, there are differences in daily-life observation and research observation.
A. Differences
—daily life observation
-casual
-(1)______
-dependence on memory
—research observation
-(2)______
-careful record keeping
B. Ways to select samples in research
—time sampling
-systematic:e.g. fixed intervals every hour
-random: fixed intervals but (3)______
Systematic sampling and random sampling are often used in combination.
—(4)______
-definition: selection of different locations
-reason: humans’ or animals’ behaviour (5)______across circumstances
-(6)______: more objective observations
C. Ways to record behaviour (7)______
—observation with intervention
-participant observation: researcher as observer and participant
-field experiment: research (8)______over conditions
—observation without intervention
-purpose: describing behaviour (9)______
-(10)______: no intervention
-researcher: a passive recorder

5()

【参考答案】

vary or differ
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问答题
In some cases, intelligent people implementing intelligent policies are responsible for producing a boomerang effect ; they actually create more of whatever it is they seek to reduce in the first place. The boomerang effect has been achieved many times in recentyears by men and women of goodwill. State legislatures around the nation have recently raised the drinking age back to 21 in an effort to reduce the prevalence of violent deaths among our young people. But such policies seem instead to have created the conditions for even more campus violence. Some college students who previously drank in bars and lounges under the watchful supervision of bouncers (夜总会,酒吧等保安人员) (not to mention owners eager to keep their liquor licenses) now retreat to the sanctuary of their fraternity houses and apartments, where they no longer control their behavior - or their drinking. The boomerang effect has also played a role in attempts to reduce the availability of illicit drugs. During recent years, the federal government has been quite successful in reducing the supply of street drugs. As fields are burned and contraband (违禁品) confiscated, the price of street drugs has skyrocketed to a point where cheap alternatives have begun to compete in the marketplace. Unfortunately, the cheap alternatives are even more harmful than the illicit drugs they replace. boomerang: a curved fiat piece of wood that can be thrown so as to return to the thrower 回飞镖