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患者男，62岁。慢性咳嗽、咳痰30年，活动后气促10余年。近日痰量增多，胸憋，呼吸困难。查体：呼吸32次／分，桶状胸，肋间隙增宽，叩诊呈过清音，听诊呼吸音减弱。首先应考虑

A.支气管扩张
B.慢性阻塞性肺疾病
C.支气管哮喘
D.慢性肺脓肿
E.肺血栓栓塞症

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Questions 下列各 are based on the following passagE.In the second half of the twentieth century, many countries of the South(发展中国家)began to send students to the industrialized countries for further education. They urgently needed supplies of highly trained personnel to implement a concept of development based on modernization. But many of these students decided to stay on in the developed countries when they had finished their training. At the same time, many professionals who did return home but no longer felt at ease there also decided to go back to the countries where they had studieD.In the 1960s, some Latin American countries tried to solve this problem by setting up special 'return'programs to encourage their professionals to come back homE.These programs received support from international bodies such as the International Organization for Migration, which in 1974 enabled over 1,600 qualified scientists and technicians to return to Latin AmericA.In the 1980s and 1990s, 'temporary return' programs were set up in order to make the best use of trained personnel occupying strategic positions in the developed countries. This gave rise to the United Nations Development Programs Transfer of Knowledge through Expatriate(移居国外的)Nationals, which encourages technicians and scientists to work in their own countries for short periods. But the brain drain(人才流失)from these countries may well increase in response to the new laws of the international market in knowledgE.Recent studies forecast that the most developed countries are going to need more and more highly qualified professionals around twice as many as their educational systems will be able to produce, or so it is thought. As a result there is an urgent need for developing countries which send students abroad to give preference to fields where they need competent people to give muscle to their own institutions, instead of encouraging the training of people who may not come back because there are no professional outlets for them. And the countries of the South must not be content with institutional structures that simply take back professionals sent abroad, they must introduce flexible administrative procedures to encourage them to return. If they do not do this, the brain drain is bound to continuE.Which of the following is NOT correct according to the passage?A.The developing countries believe that sending students to the industrialized countries is a good way to meet their own needs for modernization.B.The South American countries have been sending students to developed countries since the 1920s.C.Many people trained abroad remain in the developed countries instead of coming back to serve their home countries.D.The International Organization for Migration successfully helped more than 1,600 professionals to return to their own countries in a single year.

A.The
B.
B.The
C.
C.Many
D.
D.The
E.

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What was regarded as a watershed eventA.A 1956 mid-air collision.B.The JetBtue incident.C.Two pilots trying to explore the limits of theirplanE.D.An Egyptian plane crashing into the Atlantic Ocean.

A.A
B.
B.The
C.Two
D.
D.An
E.