单项选择题

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The modern urban planning and redevelopment movement (26) in response to the (27) and dirtiness of the slum areas (28) by the Industrial Revolution in the 19th century. Reformation of these areas was the (29) of early city planners, who imposed regulatory laws establishing (30) for housing, sanitation (卫生), water supply, sewage and public (31) conditions. Urban planners also introduced parks and playgrounds into crowded city neighbourhoods, (32) places for recreation, as well as (33) relief.
The chief new urban-planning concept of the early 20th century was zoning--the regulation of building activity to set (34) of height and (35) and to protect established neighbourhoods.
Urban territory (36) as a result of improved public transportation worker could live far from their jobs, traveling back and forth by bus, subway, or car.
By the middle of the 20th century, urban planning changed its (37) . Planners realized that factors of city living must be considered as a whole, so they aimed less at attaching (38) problems than at the improvement of (39) urban surroundings.
Another (40) of urban building (41) the building of experimental new towns and (42) . In Great Britain, India, Israel, and South America a few new cities were built entirely from plans. Urban planning was an important (43) in Europe after World War Ⅱ, (44) urban planners directed the reconstruction of (45) areas.

40().

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