The word "portals" (Line 2, Para 4) most probably means" _______ ".

A．people benefit from universities but do not value them
B．universities have lost their sense of purpose
C．people value universities but are hesitant to support them
D．universities are no longer effective in producing good graduates

A．A series of writings by others on the same topic.
B．The author's expanded view about the role of universities.
C．A list of the possible roles in society that universities can play.
D．A case study of examples of universities that are doing well.