单项选择题

Family meals often descend into ritual battles over healthy greens: how many children must consume, and how many treats they will earn as a result. The (62) may be higher than parents realize. According to a study newly released, a sugary, fat-laden Western diet brings profound changes on children’s gut bacteria, and could even (63) the risk of asthma, allergies and other inflammatory (发炎的) diseases.
Rates of inflammatory disease have been rising for decades among adults and children alike. (64) , this increase has occurred largely in developed countries, (65) poorer places. This has (66) scientists struggling to pinpoint exactly what about the rich world is making people sick. New data from Paolo Lionetti, of the University of Florence in Italy, supports the view that diet may be the culprit (元凶).
Dr.Lionetti and his colleagues (67) the diets and gut bacteria of 14 healthy children from a village in Burkina Faso with a group of 15 Florentine children. The differences were minimal at young ages, with breast-fed toddlers in both countries harboring similar populations of gut bacteria. (68) among children who had graduated to the local diet, the two groups diverged (69)
The researchers saw striking trends in the types of bacteria in the two groups. Though healthy, Italian children (70) more than three times as many species associated with causing diarrhoea (腹泻), leading the researchers to speculate that reduced intestinal(肠的)diversity could permit (71) bugs to gain a foothold. The Italians also had bacterial profiles that indicate a greater risk of obesity. (72) , African children had lots of bacterial species associated with leanness, and a higher (73) of microbes known to produce beneficial chemicals called short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs). Such compounds have been associated with (74) levels of allergies and inflammation.
To show that these (75) bacterial populations could affect children’s health, the researchers (76) SCFA levels. The children from Burkina Faso were found to have more than double the concentration of their Italian (77) . This hints that healthy bacterial populations living in the gut may not just (78) disease-causing bugs; by pumping out (79) compounds, they may actively help to suppress disease. (80) the researchers did not measure health outcomes directly, their findings arrive amid growing evidence that gut bacteria control important (81) functions.

(79) should choose（）

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