单项选择题

Reading involves looking at graphic symbols and formulating mentally the sounds and ideas they represent. Concepts of reading have changed (67) over the centuries. During the 1950s and 1960s especially, increased attention has been devoted to (68) and describing the reading process. (69) specialists agree that reading (70) a complex organization of higher mental (71) , they disagree (72) the exact nature of the process. Some experts, who regard language primarily as a code using symbols to represent sounds, (73) reading as simply the decoding of symbols to the sounds they stand (74) .
These authorities (75) that meaning, being concerned with thinking, must be taught independently of the decoding process. Others maintain that reading is (76) related to thinking, and that a child who pronounces sounds without (77) their meaning is not truly reading. The reader, (78) to some, is not just a person with a theoretical ability to read but one who (79) reads.
Many adults, although they have the ability to read, have never read a book in its (80) . By some experts they would not be (81) as readers. Clearly, the philosophy, objectives, methods and materials of reading will depend on the definition one uses. By the most (82) and satisfactory definition, reading is the ability to (83) the sound- symbols’ code of the language, to interpret meaning for various (84) , at various rates, and at various levels of difficulty, and to do (85) widely and enthusiastically. (86) short, reading is the interpretation of ideas through the use of symbols representing sounds and ideas.

[A] of [C] for
[B] about [D] into
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单项选择题
What’s the author’s tone in the last sentence of the passage [A] Objective. [C] Approving. [B] Ironical. [D] Enthusiastic.
According to preliminary market surveys, there are 10,000 would-be space tourists willing to spend $1 million each to visit the final frontier. Space Adventures in Arlington have taken more than 130 deposits for a two-hour, $98,000 space tour tentatively set to occur by 2005. This may sound great, but there are a few hurdles. Putting a simple satellite into orbit--with no oxygen, life support or return trip necessary--already costs an astronomical $2,200/kg. And that doesn’t include the cost of insuring rich and possibly litigious (爱打官司的) passengers. The entire group of entrepreneurs trying to corner the space- tourism market has between them "just enough money to blow up one rocket".The U.S. space agency has plenty of money but zero interest in making space less expensive for the little guys. So the little guys are racing to do what the government has failed to do: design a reusable launch system that’s inexpensive, safe and reliable. Kelly Space’s prototype looks like a plane that has sprouted rocket engines. Rotary Rocket in California has a booster with rotors to make a helicopter-style return to earth. The first passenger countdowns are still years away, but bureaucrats at the Federal Aviation Administration in Washington are already informally discussing flight regulations. After all, you can’t be too prepared for a trip to that galaxy far, far away.