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Text 2 No wonder they are called"patients".When people enter the health-care systems of rich countries today,they know what they will get:prodding doctors,endless tests,rising costs and,above all,long waits.Some stoicism will always be needed,because health care is complex and diligence matters.But frustration is boiling over.This week three of the biggest names in American business-Amazon,Berkshire Hathaway and JPMorgan Chase-announced a new venture to provide better,cheaper health care for their employees.A fundamental problem with today's system is that patients lack knowledge and control.Access to data can bestow both.The intemet already enables patients to seek online consultations when and where it suits them.Yet radical change demands a shift in emphasis,from providers to patients and from doctors to data.That shift is happening.Technologies such as the smartphone allow people to monitor their own health.The possibilities multiply when you add the crucial missing ingredients-access to your own medical records and the ability easily to share information with those you trust.That allows you to reduce inefficiencies in your own treatment and also to provide data to help train medical algorithms.As with all new technologies,pitfalls accompany the promise.Hucksters will launch apps that do not work.But with regulators demanding oversight of apps that present risks to patients,users will harm only their wallets.Not everyone will want to take active control of their own health care;plenty will want the professionals to manage everything.The benefits of new technologies often flow disproportionately to the rich.Those fears are mitigated by the incentives that employers,govemments and insurers have to invest in cost-efficient preventive care for all.Other risks are harder to deal with.Greater transparency may encourage the hale and hearty not to take out health insurance.They may even make it harder for the unwell to find cover.Will the benefits ofmaking data more widely available outweigh such risks?The signs are that they will.Plenty of countries are now opening up their medical records,but few have gone as far as Sweden.It aims to give all its citizens electronic access to their medical records by 2020;over a third of Swedes have already set up accounts.Studies show that patients with such access have a better understanding of their illnesses,and that their treatment is more successful.Trials in America and Canada have produced not just happier patients but lower costs,as clinicians fielded fewer inquiries.That should be no surprise.No one has a greater interest in your health than you do.Trust in Doctor You.
Health-care system in wealthy countries is characterized by the following except____

A.numerouschecks
B.highercost
C.impatientdoctors
D.complexinfrastructure

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Text 2 Far from joining the labour force,women have been falling away at an alarming pace.The female employment rate in India,counting both the formal and informal economy,has tumbled from an already-low 35%in 2005 to just 26%now.Yet nearly 1Om fewer women are in jobs.A rise in female employment rates to the male level would provide India with an extra 235m workers,more than the EU has of either gender,and more than enough to fill all the factories in the rest ofAsia.Imagine the repercussions.Were India to rebalance its workforce in this way,the IMF estimates,the world's biggest democracy would be 27%richer.Its people would be well on their way to middle-income status.Beyond the obvious economic benelits are the incalculable human ones.Women who work are likelier to invest more in their children's upbringing,and to have more say over how they lead their lives.Social mores are startlingly conservative.A girl's first task is to persuade her own family that she should have a job.The in-laws she will typically move in with after marriage are even more likely to yank her out of the workforce and into social isolation.In a survey in 2012,84%of Indians agreed that men have more right to work than women when jobs are scarce.Men have taken 90%of the 36m additional jobs in industry India has created since 2005.And those who say that women themselves prefer not to work must contend with plenty of counter-evidence.Census data suggest that a third of stay-at-home women would WOfk ifjobs were available;govemment make-work schemes attract more women than men.What can be done?Many of the standard answers fall short.Promoting education,a time-tested development strategy,may not succeed.Figures show that the more schooling an Indian woman receives,the less likely she is to work,at least if she has anything less than a university degree.Likewise urbanization,another familiar way to alleviate poverty:city-dwelling women are half as likely as rural ones to have a job.An optimist might argue that more women are not working because India is still paying for the sins of the past,when so many of them were illiterate and high fertility rates bound them to the home.Most measures of female welfare are improving.India has many more girls in classrooms and fewer child brides than it once did.In fact,many fear that all that extra schooling was a parental ploy to improve a daughter's prospects not in the labour market but in the arranged-marriage market,part of the all-important quest to snag a suitable boy.A further push is needed to get Indian women what they really need:a suitablejob.Which ofthe following would be the best title ofthe text?

A.WhyIndianWomenDon'tWork
B.WhyIndiaNeedsWomentoWork
C.WhyIndia'sEmploymentRateIsLow
D.WhyIndia'sEmploymentRateDeclines

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Text 2 MPs are to investigate the environmental impact of throwaway fast fashion in the UK amid growing concerns that the multi-billion pound industry is wasting valuable resources and contributing to climate change.The inquiry,launched on Friday by the House of Commons environmental audit committee,will explore the carbon impact,resource use and water footprint of clothing throughout its lifecycle and supply chain.Inviting evidence on how the influential sector should remodel itself to be both thriving and sustainable ,it will look at how improved recycling rates of clothing could slash waste and pollution. Fashion shouldn't cost the Earth, said Mary Creagh MP,chair of the committee. But the way we design,make and discard clothes has a huge environmental impact.Producing clothes requires climate-changing emissions.Every time we put on a wash,thousands of plastic fibres wash down the drain into the oceans.We don't know where or how to recycle end-of-life clothing. Despite recent troubles on the UK high street,the fashion sector has continued to grow.According to the British Fashion Council,the UK fashion industry contributed~28.lbn to national GDP in 2015,up from￡21bn in 2009.But the globalised market for fashion manufacturing has facilitated a fast fashion phenomenon:a proliferation of cheap and cheerful clothing,with quick turnover that encourages consumers to keep buying,the committee warns.The raw materials used to manufacture clothes require land and water,or extraction of fossil fuels,while carbon dioxide is emitted throughout the clothing supply chain and some chemical dyes,finishes and coatings may be toxic.Research has found that plastic microfibres in clothing are released when they are washed,and enter rivers,the ocean and even the food chain.Last year the fashion designer Stella McCartney condemned her own industry as incredibly wasteful and harmful to the environment. A report from the Ellen MacArthur Foundation put the annual cost to the UK economy of landfilling clothing and household textiles at about~82m.It wamed that if the global fashion industry continues on its current growth path,it could use more than a quarter of the world's annual carbon budget by 2050.Key to the inquiry is how consumers could be encouraged to buy fewer clothes,reuse clothes and think about how best to dispose of clothes when they are no longer wanted.An estimated 300,000 tonnes of fashion waste goes straight into lan曲ll each year,despite growing efforis to encourage consumers to recycle their worn and unwanted clothing.Which of the following features is odd about the fast fashion phenomenon?

A.Lowprice
B.Highsales
C.Happyfeeling
D.Speedyupdate