单项选择题

Paul Baard, an organizational and motivational psychologist at Fordham University’s graduate business school in New York, knows just how stressful a work environment can get. He has consulted with athletes in the high-stakes, high-pressure world of professional sports.
What secret has he passed along to those clients When you are in a slump, you can still contribute by encouraging your teammates.
Rather than burdening a team with distracting self-doubt and pity, try to help others, he advises. "In order to remain self-motivated, research has found that the inherent psychological need for competence must be satisfied." Mr. Baard says. "This drive involves not only in the ability to do a job but to achieve something through it—to have impact, to contribute. A way an employee can expand opportunities to satisfy this need is to help her team succeed by encouraging others, even if her direct contributions are limited."
Age, occupation and family circumstances, among other factors, can all play a part in how workers respond to different stressors. But experts say there are steps that can help you take control of your happiness at work this year.
Find meaning in your tasks. Commitment to a goal beyond self-promotion can help a worker manage stress levels, says John Weaver, a psychologist at Psychology For Business, a Brookfield. Wisconsin-based employment-consultancy.
Several years ago, Mr. Weaver consulted for a long-term-care facility in Wisconsin that had flooded. Because of the water damage, the residents and employees had been forced to move into an already occupied facility. Employees felt confined and annoyed, he says, and pettiness abounded.
To help the workers regain a positive attitude, Mr. Weaver asked each person this question: Why do you do this work
"People don’t work in nursing because it pays so much or it’s fascinating or it’s easy." he says. "As they heard the question you could see their attitude change. They could see the reasons why they needed to work together, to put aside difficulties and compromise, and residents were treated better."
Remembering why on his thesis, Rick Best, now a health-services scientist for Lockheed Martin, researched stress among nurses who work with veterans, a group that faces high demands with low resources. One might have expected elevated levels of burnout. But there were high levels of satisfaction.
"The meaning they got form their job was high," says Mr. Best, "They went into the profession of nursing to help people. As a consequence, they derived much meaning form what they were doing, and they were better able to handle stress."
Reduce your expectations. Given how much energy employees devote to their job, there can be quite a few expectations wrapped up in work. Workers often look to employers for career, socialization, and personal and intellections growth opportunities.
Helping the team succeed by encouraging others can satisfy the need for______.