单项选择题

The present economy remains dependent on a massive inward flow of natural resources that includes vast amounts of non-renewable resources, followed by a reverse flow of economically spent matter back to the ecosphere. Line Chemical sustainability problems are determined largely by these economy-ecosphere material flows which current chemistry education essentially ignores,such that it has become imperative for chemists to develop the technological dimension of a sustainable civilization. Chemistry teachers should better emphasize the effect of compositions, outcomes, and economics of chemical processes on both human health and the ecosphere. There is one overarching scientific reason why chemical technology pollutes: chemists developing new processes strive principally to achieve reactions through relatively simple reagent designs by employing almost the entire periodic table to attain diverse reactivity, while by contrast nature accomplishes a huge range of selective biochemical processes through a reagent design much more elaborate than the aforementioned synthetic ones. Electric eels can store charge via concentration gradients of biochemically common alkali metal ions across the membranes of electroplaque cells, while synthetically-designed batteries used for storing charges must make use of elements such as lead and cadmium. Given this strategic difference, manmade technologies often distribute throughout the environment persistent pollutants that are toxic because they contain elements that are used sparingly or not at all in biochemistry.Imagine all of Earth’s chemistry as a mail sorter’s wall of letter slots in a post office, with the network of compartments extending toward infinity, each of which representing a separate chemistry so that, for example, thousands of compartments are associated with stratospheric chemistry or with a human cell.An environmentally mobile persistent pollutant can move from compartment to compartment, sampling a large number and finding those it can perturb, and while many of these perturbations may be inconsequential, others can cause unforeseen catastrophes, such as ozone holes or endocrine disruption in the human body. Most compartments remain unidentified, furthermore, giving ample reason for scientific humility when considering the safety of persistent mobile compounds.There are several obstacles to overcome in achieving a sustainable chemistry free of these mobile pollutants, the first being that of incorporating environmental considerations into decisions concerning the reactions and technologies to be developed in the laboratory. It is equally critical that chemistry that is not really green does not get sold as such, and that the public is not misled with false or insufficient safety information. And since many chemical sustainability goals such as those associated with solar energy conversion call for ambitious, highly creative research approaches, short-term and myopic thinking must be avoided-after all, chemistry exerts a near boundless influence on human action and is thus inextricably intertwined with ethics.

In stating that "most compartments remain unidentified, furthermore, giving ample reason for scientific humility" the author suggests which of the following（）

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