The author is mainly concerned with______.

A．The value system of Japan is based upon traditional and conservative values which have in modern times, been modified by Western and other liberal values.
B．Students and radicals in Japan have used Leninist ideology to distort the meaning of democratic, Western values.
C．The notions of personal freedom and individual liberty did not find immediate acceptance in Japan because of the predominance of traditional group values.
D．Modern Japanese society is characterized by hierarchical relationships in which a personal tie to a superior is often more important than merit.

A．Policies designed to meet the needs of a large group of people are inherently imperfect and should be scaled down.
B．Policies created by the democratic process are less effective than policies designed by a single, concentrated body of authority.
C．The effectiveness of a social policy depends more upon the manner in which the policy is administered than upon its initial design.
D．Since policies created on the Federal level are inherently ineffective, all Federal social welfare programs should be discontinue