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Effects of Exercise on Elderly Diabetics (糖尿病人)
Most older people with. so-called type 2 diabetes (糖尿病) could stop taking insulin (胰岛素) if they would do brisk (轻快的) exercise for 30 minutes just three times a week, according to new medical research results reported in a Copenhagen newspaper. Results from tests conducted on diabetics at the Copenhagen central hospital Rigshospitalet’s Center for Muscle Research showed that physical exercise can boost the body’s ability to make use of insulin by 30 per cent. This is equal to the effect most elderly diabetics get from their insulin medication (药物治疗) today.
Researchers had a group of non-diabetic men and a group of men with type 2 diabetes, all more than 60 years of age, exercise on bicycles six times a week for three months. After the three months the doctors measured how much sugar the test subjects’ muscles could make use of as a measure for how well their insulin worked.
Associate Professor Dr Flemming Dela of the Muscle Research Center said the tests demonstrated that the exercising diabetics had made as good use of insulin as the healthy non-diabetic persons. "This means that the insulin works just as well for both groups. Physical exercise cannot cure people of diabetes, but it can eliminate almost all their symptoms. At the same time it can put off the point at which they have to begin taking insulin," Dela said.
Insulin is a hormone produced by the pancreas (胰腺), controlling sugar in the body and is used against diabetes.
Dela said that to achieve the desired effect diabetics need only exercise to the point where they begin to sweat, but that the activity has to be maintained since it wears off after five days without sufficient exercise.
Most diabetics realize that they have to watch their diet while remaining unaware of the importance of exercise, Dela added.
The researchers checked how well the test subjects’ insulin worked by measuring

A. the blood sugar level in their bodies.
B. the length of time they could cycle at one breath.
C. the amount of insulin they took.
D. the amount of sugar their muscles could make use of.
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The study shows that the longer you sleep each night, the longer you’ll live. A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned
Although it is a common belief that sleeping for at least eight hours a night is vital for health and well—being. the six. year study involving more than 1. 1 million Americans older than 30 found that those who slept for less than eight hours were far from doing themselves any long—term harm。
"Individuals who now average 6. 5 hours of sleep a night Can be reassured that this is a safe amount of sleep. From a health standpoint。there is no reason to sleep longer," said Daniel Kripke , a professor of psychiatry(精神病学)at the University of California, San Diego.
Dr. Kripke said. "We don’t know if long sleep periods lead to death. Additional studies are needed to determine if setting your alarm clock earlier will actually improve your health. "
The scientists. who were funded by the American Cancer Society, found at the best survival rates were among the men and women who slept for seven hours a night. Those who
slept for eight hours were 12 per cent more likely to die during the six—year period of the study,
when other factors such as diet and smoking were taken into account.
Even those who spent a mere five hours a night in bed lived longer than those who slept eight or more hours. However, an increasing death rate was found among those who slept for less than five hours.
Dr. Kripke said. "Previous sleep studies have indicated that both short-and long-duration(持续时间)sleep had higher mortality rates. However, none of those studies were large enough to distinguish the difference between seven and eight hours a night, until flow. \
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