单项选择题

No Jetlag(时差反应) Anymore

Most people who travel long distances complain of jetlag(时差反应). Jetlag makes business travelers less productive (对产的，有成效的) and more prone (51) making mistakes. It is actually caused by (52) of your "body clock"-a small cluster(串、组、群)of brain cells that controls the timing of biological (53) . The body clock is designed for a regular rhythm(节奏)of daylight and darkness, so that it is thrown out of balance when it experiences daylight and darkness at the "wrong" times in a new time zone. The (54) of jetlag often persist(持续) for days (55) the internal body clock slowly adjusts to the new time zone.
Now a new anti-jetlag system is available that is based on proven, (56) and pioneering scientific research. Dr. Martin Moore has devised a practical strategy to adjust the body clock much sooner to the new time zone (57) controlled exposure to bright light. The time zone shift(转换) is easy to accomplish and eliminates (消除) (58) of the discomfort of jetlag
A successful time zone shift depends on knowing the exact times to either (59) or avoid bright light. Exposure to light at the wrong time can actually make jetlag worse. The proper schedule (60) light exposure depends a great deal on (61) travel plans.
Data on a specific flight itinerary (旅行路线) and the individual’s sleep (62) are used to produce a trip guide with (63) on exactly when to be exposed to bright light.
When the trip guide calls (64) bright light you should spend time outdoors if possible. If it is dark outside, or the weather is bad, (65) you are on an air plane, you can use a special light device to provide the necessary light stimulus(刺激) for a range of activities such as reading, watching TV or working.

56（）

A. broad
B. inclusive
C. tentative
D. extensive

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单项选择题
Which of the following statements is NOT true, according to the passage()

A. One third of the world’s population drinks coffee.
B. Coffee is native to Colombia.
C. Coffee can keep one awake.
D. Coffee drinks were first made by Arabs.
单项选择题
What is the writer worrying about A. Many US software specialists are working for Japan. B. The quality problem has become a worldwide problem. C. India and Japan are joining hands to compete with the US. D. The US will no longer be the first software player in the world.
AIready, of the world’s 12 software houses that have earned the highest rating in the world, seven are in India. That’s largely because they have used new methodologies rejected by American software specialists. For example, for decades, quality specialists, W. Edwards Deming and J. M.
Juran had urged US software companies to change their attitudes to quality. But their quality call mainly fell on deaf ears in the US — but not in Japan. By the 1970s and 1980s, Japan was grabbing market share with better, cheaper products. They used Deming’s and Juran’s ideas to bring down the cost of good quality to as little as 5% of total production costs. In US factories, the cost of quality then was 10 times as high: 50%. In software, it still is.
Watts S. Humphrey spent 27 years at IBM heading up software production and then quality assurance. But his advice was seldom paid attention to. He retired from IBM in 1986. In 1987, he worked out a system for assessing and improving software quality. It has proved its value time and again. For example, in 1990 the cost of quality at Raytheon Electronics Systems was almost 60% of total software production costs. It tell to 15% in 1996 and has since further dropped to below 10%.
Like Deming and Juran, Humphrey seems to be winning more praises overseas than at home. The Indian government and several companies have just founded the Watts Humphrey Software Quality Institute at the Software Technology Park in Chennai, India. Let’s hope that US lead in software will not be eaten up by its quality problems.
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