TEXT B Moreover, insofar as any
interpretation of its author can be made from the five or six plays attributed
to him, the Wake field Master is uniformly considered to be a man of sharp
contemporary observation. He was, formally, perhaps clerically educated, as his
Latin and music, his Biblical and patristic lore indicate. He is, still,
celebrated mainly for his quick sympathy for the oppressed and forgotten man,
his sharp eye for character, a ready ear for colloquial vernacular turns of
speech and a humor alternately rude and boisterous, coarse and happy. Hence
despite his conscious artistry as manifest in his feeling for intricate metrical
and stanza forms, he is looked upon as a kind of medieval Steinbeck, indignantly
angry at, uncompromisingly and even brutally realistic in presenting the plight
of the agricultural poor. Thus taking the play and the author
together, it is mow fairly conventional to regard the former as a kind of
ultimate point in the secularization of the medieval drama. Hence much emphasis
on it as depicting realistically humble manners and pastoral life in the bleak
hills of the West Riding of Yorkshire on a typically cold bight of December
24th. After what are often regarded as almost "documentaries" given in the three
successive monologues of the three shepherds, critics go on to affirm that the
realism is then intensified into a burlesque mock treatment of the Nativity.
Finally as a sort of epilogue or after-thought in deference to the Biblical
origins of the materials, the play slides back into an atavistic mood of early
innocent reverence. Actually, as we shall see, the final scene is not only the
culminating scene but perhaps the raison d’etre of introductory
"realism." There is much on the surface of the present play to
support the conventional view of its mood of secular realism. All the same, the
"realism" of the Wakefield Master is of a paradoxical turn. His wide knowledge
of people, as well as books indicates no cloistered contemplative but one in
close relation to his times. Still, that life was after all a predominantly
religious one, a time which never neglected the belief that man was a rebellious
and sinful creature in need of redemption, So deeply (one can hardly say
"naively" of so sophisticated a writer) and implicitly religious is the Master
that he is less able (or less willing) to present actual history realistically
than is the author of the Brome "Abraham and Isaac." His historical sense is
even less realistic than that of Chaucer who just a few years before had done
for his own time costume romances, such as The Knight’s Tale, Troilus and
Cressida, etc. Moreover Chaucer had the excuse of highly romantic materials for
taking liberties with history. In subsequent paragraphs, we may expect the writer of this passage to ______.
A.justify his comparison with Steinbeck B.present a point of view which attack the thought of the second paragraph C.point out the anachronisms in the play D.discuss the works of Chaucer