FULMINATION:

A． indicate the direction that research into a particular physical phenomenon should take
B． illustrate the limitations of applying mathematics to complicated astrophysical phenomena
C． clarify the differences between an old explanation of a physical phenomenon and a new model of it
D． introduce a new explanation of a physical phenomenon
E． explain the difference between two related physical phenomena

A． The gravitational attraction of supernovas adjacent to the region of the chimney's formation
B． The effect of entropy on the relative abundance of hot interior gas within the superbubble
C． A chemical reaction involving ionized trace ions at the heart of the superbubble
D． A tendency toward coalescence in the gases that contribute to the formation of the superbubble
E． A natural buoyancy of the superbubble, which causes the chimney to stretch and become a gaseous conduit