TEXT A In the 1950s, the pioneers
of artificial intelligence (AI) predicted that, by the end of this century,
computers would be conversing with us at work and robots would be performing our
housework. But as useful as computers are, they’re nowhere close to achieving
anything remotely resembling these early aspirations for human like behavior.
Never mind something as complex as conversation: the most powerful computers
struggle to reliably recognize the shape of an object, the most elementary of
tasks for a ten-month-old kid. A growing group of AI researchers
think they know where the field went wrong. The problem, the scientists say, is
that Al has been trying to separate the highest, most abstract levels of
thought, like language and mathematics, and to duplicate them with logical,
step-by-step programs. A new movement in AI, on the other hand, takes a closer
look at the more roundabout way in which nature came up with intelligence. Many
of these researchers study evolution and natural adaptation instead of formal
logic and conventional computer programs. Rather than digital computers and
transistors, some want to work with brain cells and proteins. The results of
these early efforts are as promising as they are peculiar, and the new
nature-based AI movement is slowly but surely moving to the forefront of the
field. Imitating the brain’s neural (神经的) network is a huge step
in the right direction, says computer scientist and biophysicist Michael Conrad,
but it still misses an important aspect of natural intelligence. "People tend to
treat the brain as if it were made up of color-coded transistors", he explains,
"but it’s not simply a clever net work of switches. There are lots of important
things going on inside the brain cells themselves." Specifically, Conrad
believes that many of the brain’s capabilities stem from the pattern recognition
proficiency of the individual molecules that make up each brain cell. The best
way to build an artificially intelligent device, he claims, would be to build it
around the same sort o{ molecular skills. Right now, the option
that conventional computers and software are fundamentally incapable of matching
the processes that take place in the brain remains controversial. But if it
proves true, then the efforts of Conrad and his fellow AI rebels could turn out
to be the only game in town. Which of the following is closest in meaning to the underlined phrase "the only game in town" (Line 3, Para.4)
A.The only approach to building an artificially intelligent computer. B.The only way for them to win a prize in artificial intelligence research. C.The only area worth studying in computer science. D.The only game they would like to play in town.