问答题

Now many countries find themselves still struggling with problems that are as old as man himself. Basic social problems such as poor or nonexistent health care, and nutrient-deficient diets continue to annoy developing countries, contributing to low life expectancy rates and hampering economic development. While it may be true that some countries have found answers to these basic problems of humanity, this does not mean that their societies are problem-free. Indeed, in the solving of age-old problems more economically, advanced societies have found themselves facing new social problems, problems that are a direct outgrowth of their economic advancement. One such problem is that of aging.

【参考答案】

现在许多国家都发现他们还在努力设法解决那些自有人类以来就出现的老问题，如缺医少药以及营养不良这些基本的社会问题仍然困扰着......

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There are poor teachers, to be sure, and I’m convinced the teaching profession in this country must police itself more vigorously. I’ve thought sometimes that an incompetent teacher is worse than an incompetent surgeon, since a surgeon can cut up only one person at a time. However, it is also true that no profession is made healthy by focusing only on what’s bad, and we must begin to see teachers as part of the solution, not the problem.Perhaps we can learn something from Japanese here. Teachers in that country, are heroes of the culture. If we do so, we may come closer to identifying the reason for the differences in school performance in our two countries.

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Good manners represent our values concerning social style. Manners signal our respect for other people and are essential in gaining the acceptance of others. Two-year-old children playing on a slide will stand in line, respecting each other’s turn. If an aggressive child crowds in, the line will decide as a group whether to allow it or to shove him out. By the age of 2, a child is already expected by his game-mates to respect the rules of the game. And rules, like manners, define the behavior that others expect from us. A child who is either too aggressive or too retiring to follow the rules is labeled an undesirable by the other children.

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