SECTION A MINI-LECTURE In this section you will
hear a mini-lecture. You will hear the lecture ONCE ONLY While listening, take
notes on the important points. Your notes will not be marked, but you will need
them to complete a gap-filling task on ANSWER SHEET ONE after the mini-lecture.
Use the blank sheet for note-taking. Now listen to the
mini-lecture. The Commercialisation of Science and
Technology Science and technology and the role of
commercialisation in that area are very interesting question. And it’s an issue
which is going to be increasingly important, world wide. Ⅰ. an
overview of the relationship between science & technology and research
development & innovation: 1) Science--which is done to
(1) new basic knowledge. Generally, that’s
done in the universities, the government- funded (2) and
larger international companies. 2) Technology--to do with the
(3) of science. It turns scientific
discoveries into a useful product, or a useful service. 3)
Research, development and innovation are (4) :
A. Research--closely related to basic sciences. B.
Development-- the process of taking the (5) scientific idea
or item and running it through to the development of products and services.
C. Innovation--putting the (6) into the
market place. Ⅱ. problems in commercialisation of technology:
1) The first one--not getting enough funding to develop
scientific ideas into useful products and services; 2) Another
one--only 1/10 ideas taken to the final (7)
3) The third one--Most people cannot guarantee a (8)
return on their investment. Ⅲ. companies and
(9) ideas: 1) Because of various reasons,
the technology would likely become outmoded; 2) Some companies
(10) other specialized individuals or organisations to do
research on their behalf; 3) Governments need to encourage and
facilitate the interaction of the domestic firms with overseas companies.