单项选择题

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Medical technology has not only increased the possibility for a woman to bear a child, but has led to methods whereby a couple can make use of another woman’s body to bear a child for them.
Now, in many states it is even legal for fertile women to solicit paying customers. A Houston billboard advertisement recently announced "Womb for Rent." Such contractual arrangements should be made illegal.
First, these contracts too often result in lawsuits. Why subject children to years of bitter courtroom debate over whom to call "Mommy"
Second, in a day and age when it is so important to maintain the heritage of families, surrogacy only confuses the very definition of "family."
Finally, surrogacy is immoral. It’s one thing for a spouse to be assisted by a doctor with his or her own reproductive abilities. But to bring a third person’s body into the situation is contrary to the idea of marriage: "two becoming one."
A childless couple should consider adoption. Yes, adoption agencies have long waiting lists. But that could be solved if we’d stop killing 1.5 million babies a year in abortion clinics.
Surrogate arrangements can lead to dire consequences. According to Genesis, God promised Abraham and Sarah a son. But since Sarah was old and "barren," she and Abraham decided that the handmaid, Hagar, could solve their problem. After sleeping with Abraham, Hagar conceived and bore a son, Ishmael. Later, to everyone’s surprise, Sarah conceived and bore a son, Isaac. The result International conflict: Ishmael’s and Isaac’s descendants, respectively, are the Arabs and Israelis!
The argument in the last paragraph is based on ______.