下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道题，每题后面有4个选项。请仔细阅读短文，并根据短文回答其后面的问题，从4个选项中选择1个最佳答案。 第一篇 Domestic violence Domestic
violence—overwhelmingly a male-against-female problem but a major issue in
same-sex relationships as well—is a public health dilemma that crosses
boundaries of wealth, race and class. A decade ago, the standard question for a
woman in an abusive relationship was: "Why don’t you just leave" But evidence
is mounting that "just leaving" can be dangerous; some men become revengeful
when a woman stands her ground. This is complicated by the fact that women often
feel ambivalent toward their abusers, and want legal intervention one day and
not the next. While the basic pattern fits into cultural definitions of
masculinity and femininity, abuse is really about power and control. It’s the
opportunity, and the entitlement, for the powerful to use force to control the
less powerful. How can such a complex dynamic ever be
changed "What seems most effective," Merry said, "is a
three-layered approach." First, there must be "some kind of punishment for the
batterer. In the absence of punishment, other approaches don’t have much
impact... Second, there has to be some effort at reform-treatment programs."
Over time, educating batterers that their behaviour is not acceptable can change
cultural norms. Data suggest that, although many batterers drop out of treatment
programs, 80 percent of those who stay stop battering, at least for a year.
"Third, there must be mechanisms that focus on the woman’s safety." Shelters
help, but so do temporary restraining orders—civil court orders aimed at keeping
the batterer away from his victim. Over time, Merry said, "the law acts not just
by imposing sanctions but also by creating normative standards for how people
ought to treat each other." In recent years, the number of restraining orders
has soared in many states, including Massachusetts. Restraining orders may not
deter someone how is homicidal but they can work with a "relatively new batterer
who has not had a lot of experience with the courts." As to the remedies for domestic violence we know from the passage that ______.
A．reform-treatment programs actually don’t work for most abusive persons B．punishment is the prior step for the success of other approaches C．efforts on changing abusive persons’ cultural norms prove to have lasting results D．restraining orders have been proved successful for stopping various abusive per sons