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根据下列文章,请回答 16~22 题。
Step Back in Time
Do you know that we live a lot longer now than the people who were born before us? One hundred years ago the average woman lived to be 45.But now,she can live until at least 80.
One of the main reasons for people living longer is that we know how to look after ourselves better.We know which foods are good for US and what we have to eat to make sure our bodies get all the healthy things they neeD.We know why we sometimes get ill and what to do to get better again.And we know how important it is to do lots of exercise to keep our hearts beating healthily.
But in order that we don’t slip back into bad habits,let's have a look at what life was like 100 years ago.
Families had between 15 and 20 children,although many babies didn’t live long.
Children suffered from lots of diseases,especially rickets(佝偻病)and scurvy(坏血病),which are both caused by bad diets.This is because many-families were very poor and not able to feed their children well。
Really poor families who lived in crowded cities like London and Manchester often slept standing up,bending over a piece of strin9,because there was no room for them to lie down.
People didn’t have fridges until the l 920s.They kept fresh food cold by storing it ON windowsills(窗台板),blocks of ice,or even burying it in the garden.
Some children had to start work at the age oF.seven or eight to earn money for their parents.If you had lived l 00 years a90,you might well be selling matchsticks(火柴杆)(a job done by many children)or working with your dad by now.
第 16 题 0n average women lived longer than men 100 years ago.
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根据下列文章,请回答 16~22 题。The Doctor in AmericaSelf-employed private physicians who charge a fee for each patient visit have been the norm for American medical practicE.Most physicians have a contract relationship with one or more hospitals in their community.They refer their patients as needed to the hospital,which usually charges according to the number of days a patient stays and the facilities—X—rays,operating rooms。tests—he or she uses.Some medical doctors are on salary.Salaried physicians may work as hospital staff members,or residents,who are often still in trainin9.They may teach in medical schools.be hired by corporations to care for their workers or work for the federal government’s Public Health ServicE.Physicians are among the best-paid professionals in the United States.In the 1980s,it was not uncommon for medical doctors to earn incomes of more than$1 00,000 a year.Specialists,particularly surgeons,might earn several times that amount.Physicians list many reasons why they deserve to be SO well rewarded for their work.One reason is the long and expensive preparation required to become a physician in the United States.Most would—be physicians first attend college for four years,which can cost nearly $20.000 a year at one of the best private institutions.Prospective physicians then attend medical school for four years.Tuition alone can exceed$1 0,000 a year.By the time they have obtained their medical degrees,many young physicians are deeply in debt.They still face three to five years of residency(住院医生实习期)in a hospital,the first year as an apprentice physician.The hours are long and the pay is relatively low.Setting up a medical practice is expensive,too.Sometimes several physicians will decide to establish a group practice,SO they can share the expense of maintaining an office and buying equipment.These physicians also take care of each other’s patients in emergencies.Physicians work long hours and must accept a great deal of responsibility.Many medical procedures.even quite routine ones,involve risk.It is, Understandable that physicians want to be well rewarded for making decisions which can mean the difference between life and death.第 16 题 Many physicians in the US are self-employed private physicians.A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned
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根据下列文章,请回答 23~30 题。Ashley’s Message of Hope1 The birth of any child raises many questions.Will she have my eyes,her dad’S smile? What will she want to be when she grows up? But the biggest question for every parent is “will she be healthy?”2 0ur daughter,Ashley Elizabeth Naylor, was born on August 12,11988.We had a lot of mixed emotions the day of her birth.but mainly we felt fear and despair.The doctors suspected complications(并发病),which led to a cesarean section(剖腹产手术),but the exact problem was not known.Two weeks after her birth,chromosome(染色体)analysis revealed cat cry syndromE.The doctors were uncertain about how the disease would develop.This was a rare disorder, we were told,and little could be offered to help our daughter.The doctors used the words” profoundly slow,” which cut like a knife through our hearts and our hopes.It wasn’t until a few years later that we realized how little the medical community actually knew about cat cry syndrome and especially about our little girl3 Ashley defied all the standard medical labels,as well as her doctor’s expectations.Her spirit and determination enabled her to walk with the aid of a walker(学步车)and express herself using sign language and a communication devicE.With early intervention and education at United Services for the Handicapped,Ashley found the resources and additional encouragement she needed to succeeD.I n return,Ashley freely offered one of her best loved and sought after gifts-her embraces.Her bright eyes and glowing smile captured the hearts of everyone she met.4 In May of l 992,Ashley’s small body could no longer support the spirit that inspired SO many.She passed away after a long battle with pneumonia(肺炎).Her physical presence IS gone,but her message remains:hopE.5 ff you are a parent faced with similar profound questions after the birth of your chilD.do not assume one doctor has all the answers.Search for doctors who respect your child enough to talk to her, not just about her.Above all,find an agency or a school that can help you give your child a chance to succeed。Early education for your child and support for yourself are crucial.6 If you are a student in a health field,become as knowledgeable as possible and stay current with the Latest research,but most importantly。be sensitive to those who seek your help.Each word you speak is taken to heart。but hope can make all the difference in a family’s futurE.第 23 题 Paragraph 2___________
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