单项选择题

One of the most authoritative voices speaking to us today is, of course, the voice of the advertisers. Its strident clamor dominates our lives. It shouts at us from the television screen and the radio loudspeakers; waves to us from every page of the newspaper; plucks at our sleeves on the I escalator; signals to us from the roadside billboards all day and flashes messages to us in colored lights all night. It has forced on us a whole new conception of the successful man as a man no less than 20% of whose mail consists of announcements of giant carpet sales.
Advertising has been among England’s biggest growth industries since the war, in terms of the ratio of money earnings to demonstrable achievement. Why all this fantastic expenditure
Perhaps the answer is that advertising saves the manufacturers from having to think about the customer. At the stage of designing and developing a product, there is quite enough to thin I about without worrying over whether anybody will want to buy it. The designer is busy enough without adding customer-appeal to all his other problems of man-hours and machine tolerances and stress factors. So they just go ahead and made the thing and leave it lo the advertiser to find eleven ways of making it appeal to purchasers afi1er they have finished it, by pretending that it confers status, or attracts love, or signifies manliness. If the advertising agency can do this authoritatively enough, the manufacturer is in cover.
Other manufacturers find advertising saves them changing their product. And manufacturers hate change. The ideal product is one which goes on unchanged for ever.
If, therefore, for one reason or another, some alteration seems called for - how much better to change the image, the packet or the pitch made by product, rather than go to all the inconvenience of changing the product itself.

According to the passage modern advertising is "authoritative" because of I he way it ()

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