填空题

Advertising is a form of selling. For thousands of years there have been individuals who have tried to (36) others to buy the food they have produced or the goods they have made or the services they can (37) . But in the 19th century the mass production of goods (38) from the Industrial Revolution made person-to-person selling inefficient. The mass (39) of goods that followed the development of the highway made person-to-person selling too slow and (40) . At the same time, mass communication, first newspapers and magazines, then radio and television, made mass selling through (41) possible. The objective of any advertisement is to convince people that it is in their best gains to take the action the advertiser is (42) . The action may be to purchase a product, use a service, vote for a political (43) , or even to join the Army. (44) . In 1980 advertising expenditure in the U.S. exceeded 55 billion dollars, or approximately 2 percent of the gross national product. Canada spent about 1.2 percent of its gross national product on advertising. (45) Some of those economies are passed along to the purchaser so that the cost of a product sold primarily through advertising is usually far less than one sold through personal salespeople. Advertising brings people immediate news about products that have just come on the market. (46) .