Part B Directions： In the following text, some
sentences have been removed. For Questions (41-45), choose the most suitable one
from the list A-G to fit into each of the numbered blank. There are two extra
choices, which do not fit in any of the gaps.
In the following text, some sentences have been removed. For
Questions (41-45), choose the most suitable one from the list A-G to fit into
each of the numbered blank. There are two extra choices, which do not fit in any
of the gaps. Coffee is worth approximately $ 50-60bn each
year in terms of world sales. It is a truly international commodity, and today
more than 50 countries in the world grow coffee beans. This makes the coffee
industry fairly universal, according to Pablo Dubois, head of the International
Coffee Organisation (ICO), based in London. ICO organization helps coffee
producers and promotes coffee consumption worldwide. ICO
estimates that world production next year will reach 97.5 million bags, 11.3
million bags higher than the current year. The main reason for this is higher
Brazilian output as production recovers from weather damage to crops.
41．______In 1994 Brazil was responsible for 25% of world production,
Colombia was next with 13.4%, Indonesia had 7.5%, Mexico 4.7%, Guatemala 3.8%
and Ethiopia and Vietnam were equal with 3.4%. Coffee is
a tough crop, and can be grown in areas where it is difficult or impossible to
grow other crops. It is cultivated in mountain regions which can only be reached
by animal transport, and in other difficult areas where modern agricultural
equipment cannot be used. 42． ______ICO is active in educating farmers about
avoiding disease and dealing with problems when they occur.
The distribution chain varies from country to country, explains Pablo
Dubois. In most countries the smaller farmers sell their crop to a local trader,
who then sells it on to exporters. 43． ______Larger coffee growers, for example,
frequently export directly. Some countries, like Vietnam, have special
government marketing organizations for coffee. Coffee
prices often vary greatly from one year to the next. In 1997, for example, there
was a large rise in the world price, which was immediately felt by the consumer.
44．______ In some of these countries, this can amount to as much as 50% of all
export earnings. In the opinion of Pablo Dubois, the
biggest problem for his organisation is to create greater consumer awareness of
the different varieties of coffee and different ways of preparing it. In North
America, most consumers already have above average knowledge Of the range
available. 45．______It is also encouraging environmentally friendly coffee
production, and last year’s seminar on coffee and the environment created a lot
of interest. The future looks bright for the coffee
industry. It is estimated that consumption over the next few years will continue
to rise steadily. New markets like Eastern Europe and China are expected to
develop fast. [A] However, disease is always problem for
coffee production, as we can see in some parts of South America at the moment.
[B] Because the amount of coffee demand is on a high
rise. [C] ICO is therefore concentrating its promotional
activities on Russia and China. [D] As the largest
producing country, Brazil is particularly important in the coffee world.
[E] Rising prices always result in a drop in sales, which
will have a bad effect on those developing countries, which are highly dependent
on foreign exchange from coffee exports. [F] There are,
however, other distribution systems. [G] Almost all the
coffee growers share the same distribution channel.