填空题

Urban life has always involved a balancing of opportunities and (36)_____against dangers and stress; its (37)__________ force is, in the broadest sense, money. Opportunities to make money mean competition and competition is stressful; it is often at its most (38)_________in the largest cities, where opportunities are greatest. The presence of huge numbers of people inevitably involves more conflict, more traveling, the (39)_________of public services and (40)_________to those (41) ________and criminals who are drawn to the rich pickings of great cities. Crime has always (42) ________in the relative anonymity of urban life, but today’’s ease of movement makes its control more difficult than ever; there is much evidence that its extent has a direct relationship to the size of the communities. City (43)________may become trapped in their homes by the fear of crime around them. As a defense against these developments, (44)__________________________: contacts with other people are generally made brief and impersonal; doors are kept locked; telephone numbers may be ex-directory; Journeys outside the home are usually hurried, rather than a source of pleasure. (45)_____________________________. Furthermore, all these defensive forms of behavior are harmful to society in general; they cause widespread loneliness and destroy the community’’s concern for its members. (46)_______________________________.