填空题

Seven Types of Evidence
It is important to learn to use evidence in
argumentative writing, because without evidence, you
can’t persuade anybody of anything. Usually seven
types of evidence are used.
Ⅰ. Expert Testimony
Expert testimony is useful because it comes from
somebody with special knowledge and has been tested
by others.
There are three kinds of expert testimony: facts,
informed opinions, and (1) ______. (1) ______
The first two can be safely used in your writing,
but the third may be dangerous, because they are just
what is possibly true.
Ⅱ. (2) ______ (2) ______
This refers to data that can reveal some
information. Strong evidence of this type should be
valid, accurate, and (3) ______. (3) ______
Ⅲ. Examples
Examples are widely used in our daily life.
Examples can serve three purposes. First, clarify
meaning. Second, provide reason for justification.
Third, (4) ______. (4) ______
Ⅳ. Personal Experience
Writer can use his own experience to support an
argument. But if the experience is (5) ______, the (5) ______
argument will not be very forceful.
Ⅴ. Analogy
Analogy is a comparison of apparently dissimilar
things.
Analogy can make unfamiliar topics (6) ______, (6) ______
but it is not enough to prove anything.
6. Known Facts
Known facts are facts that are known to (7) ______. (7) ______
They can be used as a type of evidence.
7. Logic and Reasoning
Logic and reasoning may be used in two situations.
One, (8) ______ is not available. (8) ______
Two, the writer wants to strengthen the
persuasiveness of his factual evidence.
8. Three Criteria for Good Evidence
1. relevant
2. (9) ______ (9) ______
3. (10) ______ (10) ______