Population The advantages and disadvantages of large population have long been a subject of discussion among economists (46) . To feed a large population, inferior land must be cultivated and the good land worked intensively. (47) . Other economists have argued that a large population gives more scope for specialization and the development of facilities such as ports, roads and railways, (48) . One of the difficulties in carrying out a worldwide birth control program lies in the fact that official attitudes to population growth vary from country to country depending on the level of industrial development and the availability of food and raw materials. In the developing country where a vastly expanded population is pressing hard upon the limits of food, space and natural resources, (49) .In a highly industrialized society the problem may be more complex. A decreasing birth rate may lead to unemployment (50) .When the pressure of population on housing declines, prices also decline and the building industry is weakened. Faced with considerations such as these, the government of a developed country may well prefer to see a slowly increasing population, rather than one which is stable or in decline.
A. which are not likely to be built unless there is a big demand to justify them
B. It has been argued that the supply of good land is limited
C. it will be the first concern of government to plane a limit on the birth rate, whatever the consequences may be
D. Thus, each person produces less and this means a lower average income than could be obtained with a smaller population
E. A small population may mean lower productivity, but a higher average income
F. because it results in a declining market for manufactured goods