填空题
A British sociologist has advanced the theory that many working - class children are unsuccessful at school because of the nature of their language. They use what he terms a "restricted" code of speech, whereas most teachers use an "elaborated" code, which is familiar to middle -class children.
Working - class language is a language of personal experience and direct command, rather than of rationalization and distinction between subtleties. In school, however, the latter abilities are demanded for children. Middle -class children, who have been brought up in such a way as to enable them to respond to argument and reasoning, are able to cope with the classroom situation much better than their working - class contemporaries, who are frequently at a loss to understand the implication of what their teacher is saying.
So it seems that working - class children fail to take full advantage of tike educational system; not because they are less bright than middle - class children, but because the language of the classroom is alien to them.