TEXT C A child who has once been
pleased with a tale likes, as a rule, to have it retold in identically the same
words, but this should not lead parents to treat printed fairy stories as sacred
texts. It is always much better to tell a story than read it out of a book, and,
if a parent can produce what, in the actual circumstances of the time and the
individual child, is an improvement on the printed text, so much the
better. A charge made against fairy tales is that they harm the
child by frightening him or arousing his sadistic impulses. To prove the latter,
one would have to show in a controlled experiment that children who have read
fairy stories were more often guilty of cruelty than those who had not.
Aggressive, destructive, sadistic impulses every child has and, on the whole,
their symbolic verbal discharge seems to be rather a safety valve than an
incitement to overt action. As to fears, there are, I think, well-authenticated
cases of children being dangerously terrified by some fairy stories once.
Familiarity with the story by repetition turns the pain of fear into the
pleasure of a fear faced and mastered. There are also people who
object to fairy stories on the grounds that they are not objectively true, that
giants, witches, two-headed dragons, magic carpets, etc., do not exist, and
that, instead of indulging his fantasies in fairy tales, the child should be
taught how to adapt to reality by studying history and mechanics. I find such
people, I must confess, so unsympathetic and peculiar that I do not know how to
argue with them. If their case were sound, the world should be full of madmen
attempting to fly from New York to Philadelphia on a broomstick or covering a
telephone with kisses in the belief that it was their enchanted
girlfriend. No fairy story ever claimed to be a description of
the external world and no sane child has ever believed that it was. The author’s mention of broomsticks and telephones is to suggest that______.
A.fairy stories are still being made up B.there is confusion about different kinds of truth C.people try to modernize old fairy stories D.there is more concern for children’s fears nowadays