填空题

Cryptic Coloring Cryptic coloring is by far the commonest use of color in the struggle for existence. It is employed for the purpose of attack as well as of defense, and may be either general or special. Ⅰ. General resemblance: It’s especially common among the animal inhabiting some uniformly colored expanse of (1)______, such as an ocean or a desert: (1)______ 1) Animals are often (2)______by their transparent (2)______ blue color or sandy appearance. 2) Equally diverse forms are defended by their sandy appearance. Ⅱ. Special resemblance: It’s far commoner than general, and usually met with: 1) on the diversified surface of the earth; 2)on the shores; 3) in (3)______ water; 4)on the surface of the ocean. (3)______ The (4)______ of coloring, shape, and attitude produces a more (4)______ or less exact resemblance to some one of (5)______in the environment. (5)______ Ⅲ. The attempts have been made along two lines for the (6)______ of these most interesting and elaborate adaptations: (6)______ 1) The first explans: Effect is a result of the direct influence of the environment upon (7)______, or by the inherited effects of efforts and (7)______ the (8)______of parts. (8)______ 2) The second believes: (9)______produced the result and afterwards maintained it (9)______ by the survival of the best concealed in each generation. In the present state of science, the only possible hole of an interpretation (10)______ the theory of natural selection. (10)______