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It’s generally accepted that there is a correlation between a child’s educational attainment and a family’s poverty level, but new research shows that the problem may take root earlier than previously thought.
A new study in Psychological Science found that at 10 months old, children from poor families performed just (62) children from wealthier families, but by the time they turned 2, children from wealthier families were scoring (63) higher than those from poorer ones.
"Poor kids aren’t even doing as well (64) school readiness, sounding out letters and doing other things that you would expect to be (65) to early learning." Elliot M. Tucker-Drob of the University of Texas at Austin, lead author of the study, said in a press (66) .
To (67) the study, researchers (68) the mental abilities of about 750 pairs of fraternal(异卵的) and identical (同卵的) twins from all over the U.S. The participants’ socioeconomic (69) was determined based on parents’ educational attainment, occupations and family income.
Each child was asked to (70) tasks that (71) pulling a string to ring a bell, placing three cubes in a cup, matching pictures and sorting pegs by color first at 10 months and (72) when they were 2 years old. At this time, researchers discovered that during the 14-month window between the aptitude tests, gaps in (73) development had started to occur. Children from wealthier families had started to consistently outperform those from poorer ones.
Researchers (74) to disprove a genetic explanation by (75) the aptitude tests of each set of twins.
The (76) of the comparison is that children’s genetic (77) is oppressed by poverty, though the study stopped short of drawing a scientific (78) as to what specifically was causing the achievement (79) . Researchers did assume that, (80) speaking, poorer parents may not have the time or (81) to spend playing with their children in stimulating ways.