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材料一:当代中国,教育公平是人民群众最关心、最直接、最现实的利益问题之一,实现好、维护好、发展好最广大人民的根本利益,始终是党和国家一切工作包括教育工作的出发点和落脚点。
但是,相比其他发展中国家来说,我国社会上蕴藏着特别旺盛的教育需求,办学条件及财政投入却还低于世界平均水平。我国与发达国家存量劳动力文化程度差距依然很大,现代化建设和人民群众对教育的强烈需求和教育资源供给不足的矛盾比较突出,虽然我国教育公平的整体状况明显改善,但目前在城乡之间、区域之间、学校之间,义务教育的师资和办学条件差距不小,部分公共教育资源的配置和使用也缺乏有效的监管。
-来源:十七大报告解读
材料二:2007年,中央财政安排“两免一补”资金181亿元,免除全国近1.5亿名义务教育阶段学生学杂费……2007年5月16日,教育部官方网站公布了国务院办公厅转发的《教育部直属师范大学师范生免费教育实施办法(试行)》,《办法》对免费师范毕业生的工作问题也进行了明确规定,解除毕业生找工作的压力。免费师范毕业生一般回生源所在省份中小学任教。有关省级政府要统筹规划,做好接收免费师范毕业生的各项工作,确保每一位到中小学校任教的免费师范毕业生有编有岗;省级教育行政部门负责组织用人学校与毕业生在需求岗位范围内进行双向选择,切实为每一位毕业生安排落实任教学校。
-来源:新华网
下列属于坚持以人为本、促进教育公平的政策和措施的是( )。
A.优化教育结构,促进义务教育均衡发展
B.坚持教育公益性质,加大财政对教育的投入,规范教育收费
C.扶持贫困地区、民族地区教育
D.健全学生资助制度,保障经济困难家庭、进城务工人员子女平等接受义务教育

A.5亿名义务教育阶段学生学杂费……2007年5月16日,教育部官方网站公布了国务院办公厅转发的《教育部直属师范大学师范生免费教育实施办法(试行)》,《办法》对免费师范毕业生的工作问题也进行了明确规定,解除毕业生找工作的压力。免费师范毕业生一般回生源所在省份中小学任教。有关省级政府要统筹规划,做好接收免费师范毕业生的各项工作,确保每一位到中小学校任教的免费师范毕业生有编有岗;省级教育行政部门负责组织用人学校与毕业生在需求岗位范围内进行双向选择,切实为每一位毕业生安排落实任教学校。
B.优化教育结构,促进义务教育均衡发展
B.坚持教育公益性质,加大财政对教育的投入,规范教育收费
C.扶持贫困地区、民族地区教育

【参考答案】

ABCD
解析:根据党的教育方针、国家教育政策,不难判断ABCD四项均正确。
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How to Get Ready for Studying AbroadIt was ail so misleadingly simplE.I had studied French in college, and my university offered a year abroad in FrancE.My scholarship would apply; credit for courses was assured; advisers were available on campus to discuss passports, visas, shots, international student IDs and driver' s licenses. A charter flight had been booked and housing had been arrangeD.There was even a list of suggestions for packing. What could be simpler?Of course, we were told at the orientation meetings that it might be difficult to adjust to a foreign language, strange customs, and the European academic system. I remember paying insufficient attention. 'The tour is arranged,' I said to myselF.'Everything works out.'And everything did work out--more or less--but I came across some big surprises. If you are planning to study overseas, let me suggest a few key points to consider before you leave the USA.Learn the LanguageIn France, they speak French. Why, then, did ! not strive vigorously to learn the language before I arrived? The requirement of two years of college French is minimal. One of my teachers warned that I was only marginally grounded in the languagE.But learning to speak French in the US was hard work, so I put it off until I got to France, where I assumed language skills could be acquired effortlessly. Unfortunately, I was so embarrassed by my poor command of the language that I was afraid to speak.Help came in the form. of a Gallic proverb: 'In order to speak good French, you have to relax; and in order to relax, you have to drink winE.'At least half of that adage (谚语) proved to be truE.The greatest obstacle to learning a foreign language isn' t vocabulary or grammar or pronunciation; it' s self-consciousness. I eventually learned to relax while making ridiculous mistakes.Don't Insist on the American WayAdjusting to another country demands changes in behavior. and an open minD.Daily bath ing, for example, is an American way of life, while many European cannot imagine why anyone would want to shower more often than once a week. Because I lived in a dorm, I could follow my hygienic habits, and the French theirs. But in some student housing, such freedom wash' t possible, either because the proprietors (经营者) considered dally showers extravagant or because there were no showers at all.Social interactions can be a lot more complex. In France, for instance, a woman will not let a man pay for so much as a cup of espresso (浓咖啡) --to do so would be equal to inviting amorous (性爱的) advances. American women were assumed to play by the same rules, whether they knew the rules or not.On the other hand, the French see absolutely nothing wrong with a group of young men dancing together. We male Americans were not about to dance without women--until one night when we went out on the town with several male French friends, and the lot of them took to the dance floor. Whenever such cultural customs conflicted, I had to choose to remain aloof and risk offending, or embrace their ways. I dancE.Some of these rules and customs can be learned in advance; others are picked up easily abroaD.Remaining flexible is the key.Be Prepared for Independent StudyThe cultural difference that jolted me the most was in the university system itselF.In Europe, the professor is a man on a pedestal (显要地位), expecting and receiving deferencE.His contact with students is minimal. Even in the classroom, students neither question nor discuss the material presenteD.Attendance at the once-a-week classes is entirely voluntary. No assignments are given. The final exam does not consist of materials presented in lectures. The course is defined not by how much material a professor covers, but by a syllabus which lists the texts, periods, or literaryA.YB.NC.NG
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