A ＝ REPORT 1 B ＝ REPORT 2
C ＝ REPORT 3 D ＝ REPORT 4 Which
report(s) say(s) that:
A Report
1 A new study requested by the U. S. Congress is helping
clear up some of the controversies regarding global warming. It finds the
warming of the northern hemisphere in the last decades of the 20th century was
unprecedented in the past thousand years. It also says the decade of the 1990s
was the warmest on record. Authors believe human activities are at least partly
responsible for recent warming. The study comes as extreme weather has shuck
many parts of the United States. There was flooding in parts of the Midwest last
week, more heavy rains this week in the southern and eastern United States.
Scientists say that the warmer the air, the more evaporated water it holds.
Winds pick up more moisture from the hotter ocean surfaces, resulting in heavier
and more frequent downpours. Recent data compiled on wildfires indicate an
increasing frequency in North America and elsewhere around the world. Scientists
say generally over the last five decades snows are melting sooner and faster,
producing hot, dry drought conditions in many parts of the world. Weather
patterns have natural cycles, but this latest study suggests more frequent
extremes of too dry and too wet conditions may exist for the rest of the decade
and beyond.
B Report
2 Scientists observed the highest air pollution on record
above the Arctic Circle in May. Air pollution has been linked to a number of
medical problems including heart attacks, asthma and stroke. It is so hot in
many parts of the U. S. that officials are cautioning people to stay indoors.
Even short exposure to high temperatures can cause serious health problems. Heat
is not the only danger factor. Hot weather with little or no wind can lead to
high levels of air pollution, especially ozone. Last year researchers in Boston
analyzed pollution rates in nine major U. S. cities. They found the risk of
stroke was one percent higher on days with relatively higher air pollution.
Scientists say while this increase may seem small, it has a huge effect, since
the number of people living in pollution-prone cities is so great. Researchers
say pollution particles in the air may enter the body through the lungs and
irritate the walls of blood vessels, encouraging clots that travel to the brain.
The Hopkins scientists found these fine particles can reach the small airways
and the air sacks in the lungs. A study found a link between fine particles in
air pollution and risk of death. It also found that reducing exposure to air
pollution decreased the number of deaths associated with pollution.
C Report 3 Europe
is baking under a heat wave that has sent temperatures soaring past 36 degrees
Celsius in some places. The sizzling weather is blamed for the deaths of at
least half a dozen people. Temperatures in parts of France were expected to soar
as high as 36 degrees celsius Wednesday. Other parts of Europe are expected to
be even hotter. So far, the heat wave has killed at least six people around
Europe, including three in France. The heat is accompanied by unusually dry
weather in many places. The sizzling scenario seems eerily similar to the heat
wave of 2003, when heat was linked to the deaths of roughly 30,000 people around
Europe, half of them in France. Things are different this summer. French social
workers and ordinary French are checking in on older people, to make sure
they’re OK. The government has established a weather warning system, and a help
hot line for the elderly and other fragile people. Other European countries are
taking similar preventative measures. Nobody wants a repeat of the killer heat
wave of 2003.
D Report
4 Eleven days of triple digit temperatures in California are
taking a toll on the state agricultural industry. Meteorologists expect the
deadly heat wave that has killed at least 60 people could subside by this
weekend. But the relief may be too late for many California farmers. California
dairy farmer Hank Van Exel is doing his best to keep his herds comfortable. But
the effect of the heat on his dairy cows is evident. He has lost 14 cows and
says milk production is down more than 20 percent. The heat has led to emergency
declarations in several counties. The heat has been unprecedented. It’s been
oppressively hot at night. All of these factors coming together have made it
very challenging for the local community. "And California’s $ 50-billion a year
dairy industry is not the only victim. In vineyard, the scorching temperatures
will affect the taste of the wines and grapes are beyond raisin. Over in the
tomato fields, the heat has killed about 15 percent of the blossoms that
typically yield 46,000 tons of tomatoes per season. People obviously losing
money as the days continue to be hot. It’s a story repeated in peach orchards
and walnut groves and melon patches up and down the state. It’s too early to
assess total damages but consumers will feel the heat in their pocketbooks. The
consumer deals with it in the prices they’re going to pay when they go to the
store or when they go to the restaurant." ·a weather warning system is
established to help people away 71.
______. from danger heat
·hot weather without ozone may cause serious health problems
72. ______. associated with air pollution
·not only people but also animals and crops are victims of
73. ______. heat wave
·heat can be
predicted because of natural cycle
74. ______. ·human activities contribute
to global warming
75. ______. ·the deadly heat wave can kill people
76. ______. ·hot weather lasting for a
long time can cause loss of money 77.
______. ·warm air causes heavier rain and wildfire for the next decade
78. ______. ·hot weather had attacked France twice
since 2003 79.
______. ·snows are melting in many place to cause dry and drought conditions
80. ______.