单项选择题

A Source of Concern
As millions of children head back to school, doctors are bracing for an increase in asthma (哮喘) attacks. The exposure to allergens (过敏物质) and contagious (接触传染的) colds and viruses in the classroom often triggers episodes among asthmatics, leading to a spike (突然上升) each fall in the number of hospitalizations for the disease. And there are plenty of children at risk: research published in this week’ s issue of the British medical journal. The Lancet finds asthma has become more prevalent in younger children in North American over the past decade. If the chronic condition is controlled through medication and management plans, children call usually lead relatively normal, healthy lives. But many parents aren’ t taking such steps.
In a survey by the American Lung Association reported Tuesday, nearly three quarters (73 percent) of 2,010 parents with asthmatic children said they are concerned about how their child’s asthma will affect their ability to participate in school. Yet fewer than a third of the parents have made sure their children are under medical supervision or have talked to school administrators about their child’s asthma. And fewer than half (48 percent) say they’ve talked to the school teachers about their child’s asthma or made sure the child’s medicine is available at school (42 percent).
"That’ s a source of concern," says Dr. Norman H. Edelman, chief medical officer for the American Lung Association, which has launched a back - to--school campaign to help parents recognize asthmatic symptoms in their kids and to develop a management plan. "This really has to be a collaboration between the doctor, parents, child and school. "
It is the most common chronic condition and the leading cause of hospitalizations for those under18, according to the Asthma and Allergy Foundation. Edehnan says as many as 2 million more may have mild forms of the disease that have not have been diagnosed. Frequent shortness of breath and wheezing are common symptoms of the chronic condition. Parents should also check with their child’s physician if their child is waking up coughing during the night or can’ t keep up with other children during playtime.
Which of the following cannot lead to asthma attacks according to the passage

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