SECTION A In this section you will hear a
mini-lecture. You will hear the lecture ONCE ONLY. While listening, take notes
on the important points. Your notes will not be marked, but you will need them
to complete a gap-filling task after the mini-lecture. When the lecture is over,
you will be given two minutes to check your notes, and another ten minutes to
complete the gap-filling task on ANSWER SHEET ONE. Use the blank sheet for
note-taking. Basic Cultural
Types As business goes global, businessmen have come to find
the people in different cultures act quite differently, and that only when they
can deal with cultural issues properly can they expect a business success. It is
very important to understand different types of culture in order to success
in 1
1.
______. Four-factor framework to define and classify national
culture. Individualism vs. Collectivism Individualism emphasizes
2 ,
2. ______. but
collectivism emphasizes sacrificing personal needs. In an individualist
culture, decision making may be. quick, but its 3 may be slow. 3.
______. But the opposite is true in a collectivist culture. High vs.
Low Power Distance Power distance refers to how people view power and
their own role in decision making. In a culture with low power distance,
employees will seek 4
4. ______. in making decisions, and
will be unwilling in accepting decisions they have made no contribution to.
But in a culture with high power distance, employees will 5
most decisions made by their boss.
5.
______. High vs. Low Avoidance of Uncertainty Avoidance of
uncertainty refers to a society’s ability to tolerate 6
6.______. In a culture
of high uncertainty avoidance people tend to give up individual freedom
for 7
7. ______. In a culture of
low uncertainty avoidance, people may 8 more often.
8. ______. Masculinity vs.
Femininity This refers to whether a society shows more male or female
features. Societies with masculine values show much aggressiveness and
assertiveness, and value material success. Societies with feminine values
emphasize 9 , and quality of life.
9. ______. In a feminine culture,
the pace of business is slow and calm, and depends more on personal
relationships. In a masculine culture, business is efficient, and people plan
to enjoy 10 10. ______. rather
than present working day.