阅读下面这篇短文，短文后有2项测试任务：(1)1～4题要求从所给的6个选项中为第
2～5段每段选择1个正确的小标题；(2)第5～8题要求从所给的6个选项中选择4个正确的选项，分别完成每个句子。 Museums in the Modern
World Museums have changed. They are no longer places for
the privileged few or for bored vacationers to visit on rainy days. Action and
democracy are words used in descriptions of museums now. At a
science museum in Ontario, Canada, you can feel your hair stand on end as
harmless electricity passes through your body. At the Metropolitan Museum of Art
in New York City, you can look at 17th century instruments while listening to
their music. At the Modem Museum in Sweden, you can put on costumes provided by
the Stockholm Opera. As these examples show, museums are reaching out to new
audiences, particularly the young, the poor, and the less educated members of
the population. As a result, attendance is increasing. More and
more, museums directors are realizing that people learn best when they can
somehow become part of what they are seeing. In many science museums, for
example, there are no guided tours. The visitor is encouraged to touch, listen,
operate, and experiment so as to discover scientific principles for himself. He
can have the experience of operating a spaceship or a computer. He can
experiment with glass blowing and papermaking. The purpose is not only to
provide fun but also to help people feel at home in the world of science. The
theory is that people who do not understand science will probably fear it, and
those who fear science will not use it to the best advantage. Many museums now
provide educational services and children’s departments. In addition to the
usual displays, they also offer film showings and dance programs. Instead of
being places that one should visit, they are places to enjoy.
One cause of all these changes is the increase in wealth and leisure time.
Another cause is the rising percentage of young population. Many of these young
people are college students or college graduates, they are better educated than
their parents. They see things in a new and different way. They are not content
to stand and look at works of art; they want art they can participate in. The
same is true of science and history. In the US, certain groups who formerly were
too poor to care about anything beyond the basic needs of daily life are now
becoming curious about the world around them. The young people in these groups,
like young people in general, have benefited from a better education than their
parents received. All these groups, and the rest of the population as well, have
been influenced by television, which has taught them about places and other
times. The effect of all this has been to change existing
museums and to encourage the building of new ones. In the US and Canada alone,
there are now more than 6,000 museums, almost twice as many as there were 25
years ago. About half of them are devoted to history, and the rest are evenly
divided between the arts and sciences. The number of visitors, according to the
American Association of museums, has risen to more than 700 million a
year. In fact, the crowds of visitors at some museums are
creating a major problem, admission to museums has always been either free or
very inexpensive, but now some museums are charging entrance fees for the first
time or raising their prices. Even when raised, however, entrance fees are
generally too low to support a museum, with its usually large building and its
highly trained staff. Two major problems for museums are that they have too many visitors and they ______.